---
title: By Year 5, Tom is one of two mates he's swapped, though they still s… — Growing apart · tree and pragmatics
description: By Year 5, Tom is one of two mates he's swapped, though they still say hi in the corridor. Who acts: Tom, two mates, mates. A sentence of the lesson «Growing apart» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Growing apart, sentence 31

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By Year 5, Tom is one of two mates he's swapped, though they still say hi in the corridor.

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**Who acts:** Tom, two mates, mates · **What happens:** be, swap, say · **To what, where:** one, Tom, corridor · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Growing apart» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tom, two mates, mates), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:everyday:464-growing-apart.lesson:31
# text = By Year 5, Tom is one of two mates he's swapped, though they still say hi in the corridor.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = everyday
# lesson = 464-growing-apart.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1
1	By	by	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	Year	Year	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
3	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	_
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	Tom	Tom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	18	parataxis	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	mates	mate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
11	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	swapped	swap	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl:relcl	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
15	though	though	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
16	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
17	still	still	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
18	say	say	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
19	hi	hi	INTJ	UH	_	18	obj	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	corridor	corridor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=18:punct
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Tom | one |  |  | by Year | of two mates | tree rules |
| 2 | **swap** | present · passive | two mates *not said here* | Tom |  |  |  |  | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | mates *= mate* |  |  | the corridor | still |  | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent hi=Theme in corridor=Manner |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:464-growing-apart.lesson:31`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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