---
title: New boy Theo has a stammer; kids keep finishing his words for him —… — Joining a game, and the shy kid · tree and pragmatics
description: New boy Theo has a stammer; kids keep finishing his words for him — «b-b-bus? Who acts: New boy, kids, Theo. A sentence of the lesson «Joining a game, and the shy kid» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Joining a game, and the shy kid, sentence 28

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New boy Theo has a stammer; kids keep finishing his words for him — «b-b-bus?

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**Who acts:** New boy, kids, Theo · **What happens:** have, keep, finish, word · **To what, where:** stammer, words

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Joining a game, and the shy kid» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (New boy, kids, Theo), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:everyday:466-joining-a-game-and-the-shy-kid.lesson:28
# text = New boy Theo has a stammer; kids keep finishing his words for him — «b-b-bus?
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = everyday
# lesson = 466-joining-a-game-and-the-shy-kid.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	New	New	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	Theo	Theo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
4	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	stammer	stammer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
8	kids	kid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	keep	keep	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
10	finishing	finish	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	xcomp	_	_
11	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obl	_	_
15	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
16	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	_
17	b	B	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
18	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	17	punct	_	_
19	b	B	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
20	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	19	punct	_	_
21	bus	bus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
22	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: yes/no question
- act: ask
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | New boy | a stammer |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stammer=Patient |
| 2 | **keep** | present | kids |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **finish** | gerund | kids *not said here* | Theo's words |  |  |  | for Theo | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality word=Eventuality |
| 4 | **word** |  | Theo |  |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:466-joining-a-game-and-the-shy-kid.lesson:28`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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