---
title: Sound travels about one kilometre in three seconds, while the light… — Thinking like a lifeguard · tree and pragmatics
description: Sound travels about one kilometre in three seconds, while the light of a flash arrives almost at once, so counting the seconds from flash to thunder and dividing by three tells you about how many kilometres away the storm is. Who acts: Sound, light, counting. A sentence of the lesson «Thinking like 
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/50-thinking-about-outdoor-safety/3/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Everyday](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/) / [Thinking like a lifeguard](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/50-thinking-about-outdoor-safety/) / 3

# Thinking like a lifeguard, sentence 3

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sound travels about one kilometre in three seconds, while the light of a flash arrives almost at once, so counting the seconds from flash to thunder and dividing by three tells you about how many kilometres away the storm is.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Sound, light, counting · **What happens:** travel, arrive, count, divide, tell, light · **To what, where:** one kilometre, flash, you · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Thinking like a lifeguard» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sound, light, counting), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:everyday:050-thinking-about-outdoor-safety.lesson:3
# text = Sound travels about one kilometre in three seconds, while the light of a flash arrives almost at once, so counting the seconds from flash to thunder and dividing by three tells you about how many kilometres away the storm is.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = everyday
# lesson = 050-thinking-about-outdoor-safety.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1
1	Sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	travels	travel	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	about	about	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=5:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	kilometre	kilometre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	seconds	second	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
10	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	flash	flash	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	arrives	arrive	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
17	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
18	at	at	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	16	advmod	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	so	so	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	_
22	counting	count	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	33	csubj	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	seconds	second	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obj	_	_
25	from	from	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	flash	flash	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
27	to	to	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	thunder	thunder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	dividing	divide	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	22	conj	_	_
31	by	by	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	30	obl	_	_
33	tells	tell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
34	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	33	iobj	_	_
35	about	about	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
36	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	37	advmod	_	_
37	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	38	amod	_	_
38	kilometres	kilometre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	obl	_	_
39	away	away	ADV	RB	_	38	advmod	_	_
40	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
41	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	nsubj	_	_
42	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	38	acl:relcl	_	_
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **travel** | present | Sound | one kilometre |  |  | second |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **arrive** | present | the light of a flash |  |  |  |  | once *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **count** | gerund |  |  |  | flash to thunder | second |  | vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus |
| 4 | **divide** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | by three | vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP PP.co-theme»: agent=Agent by three=Co-Theme |
| 5 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present | counting |  | you |  |  | about many kilometres | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent you=Recipient about kilometre=Topic |
| 6 | **light** |  |  | a flash |  |  |  |  | nom light «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:050-thinking-about-outdoor-safety.lesson:3`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Thinking like a lifeguard, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/50-thinking-about-outdoor-safety/2/)
- next →: [Thinking like a lifeguard, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/50-thinking-about-outdoor-safety/4/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/50-thinking-about-outdoor-safety/)