--- title: In Edinburgh, Hamish and Isla-Mae hardly spoke, until their dad got… — The favourite, the black sheep, covering for eac… · tree and pragmatics description: In Edinburgh, Hamish and Isla-Mae hardly spoke, until their dad got ill last year; Isla-Mae started making Hamish toast and helping with homework. Who acts: Hamish, dad, Isla Mae. A sentence of the lesson «The favourite, the black sheep, covering for each other and hand-me-downs» of the everyday cou --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/509-the-favourite-the-black-sheep-covering-and-hand-me-downs/24/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Everyday](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/) / [The favourite, the black sheep, coveri…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/509-the-favourite-the-black-sheep-covering-and-hand-me-downs/) / 24 # The favourite, the black sheep, covering for each other and hand-me-downs, sentence 24 In Edinburgh, Hamish and Isla-Mae hardly spoke, until their dad got ill last year; Isla-Mae started making Hamish toast and helping with homework. **Who acts:** Hamish, dad, Isla Mae · **What happens:** speak, get, start, make, help · **To what, where:** Edinburgh, Hamish toast · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «The favourite, the black sheep, covering for each other and hand-me-downs» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hamish, dad, Isla Mae), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:everyday:509-the-favourite-the-black-sheep-covering-and-hand-me-downs.lesson:24 # text = In Edinburgh, Hamish and Isla-Mae hardly spoke, until their dad got ill last year; Isla-Mae started making Hamish toast and helping with homework. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = everyday # lesson = 509-the-favourite-the-black-sheep-covering-and-hand-me-downs.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2 1 In in ADP IN _ 2 case _ _ 2 Edinburgh Edinburgh PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 obl _ _ 3 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 4 Hamish Hamish PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ _ 5 and and CCONJ CC _ 4 cc _ _ 6 Isla Isla PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 compound _ _ 7 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 6 punct _ _ 8 Mae Mae PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 conj _ _ 9 hardly hardly ADV RB _ 10 advmod _ _ 10 spoke speak VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 12 until until SCONJ IN _ 15 mark _ _ 13 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ _ 14 dad dad NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ _ 15 got get VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=10:conj 16 ill ill ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 xcomp _ _ 17 last last ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 18 year year NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl:unmarked _ _ 19 ; ; PUNCT : _ 23 punct _ _ 20 Isla Isla PROPN NNP Number=Sing 22 compound _ _ 21 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 20 punct _ _ 22 Mae Mae PROPN NNP Number=Sing 23 nsubj _ _ 23 started start VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=10:conj 24 making make VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 23 xcomp _ _ 25 Hamish Hamish PROPN NNP Number=Sing 26 compound _ _ 26 toast toast NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obj _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 28 helping help VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 24 conj _ _ 29 with with ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 homework homework NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obl _ _ 31 . . PUNCT . _ 10 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | Hamish and Isla Mae | | | Edinburgh | | hardly *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **get** | past | Hamish's dad | | | | year | ill *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer | | 3 | **start** | past | Isla Mae | | | | | | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | | 4 | **make** | gerund | Isla Mae *not said here* | Hamish toast | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset toast=Product | | 5 | **help** | gerund | Isla Mae *not said here* | | | | | with homework | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent with homework=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:509-the-favourite-the-black-sheep-covering-and-hand-me-downs.lesson:24`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The favourite, the black sheep, coveri…, 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/509-the-favourite-the-black-sheep-covering-and-hand-me-downs/23/) - next →: [The favourite, the black sheep, coveri…, 26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/509-the-favourite-the-black-sheep-covering-and-hand-me-downs/26/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/509-the-favourite-the-black-sheep-covering-and-hand-me-downs/)