---
title: Friends help a grieving child most by including them, not by avoidin… — When a parent has died · tree and pragmatics
description: Friends help a grieving child most by including them, not by avoiding them. Who acts: Friends. A sentence of the lesson «When a parent has died» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# When a parent has died, sentence 42

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Friends help a grieving child most by including them, not by avoiding them.

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**Who acts:** Friends · **What happens:** help, grieve, include, not avoid · **To what, where:** grieving child, friends

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This is a sentence of the lesson «When a parent has died» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Friends), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:everyday:518-when-a-parent-has-died.lesson:42
# text = Friends help a grieving child most by including them, not by avoiding them.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = everyday
# lesson = 518-when-a-parent-has-died.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	help	help	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	grieving	grieve	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	2	advmod	_	_
7	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	including	include	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
12	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
13	avoiding	avoid	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	conj	_	_
14	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	_
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | Friends |  | a grieving child |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent child=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **grieve** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **include** | gerund | Friends *not said here* | friends *= friend* |  |  |  |  | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 4 | **not** **avoid** | gerund | Friends *not said here* | friends *= friend* |  |  |  |  | vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent they=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:518-when-a-parent-has-died.lesson:42`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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