--- title: Cats and dogs cannot talk, but they tell us how they feel with their… — Cats and dogs up close · tree and pragmatics description: Cats and dogs cannot talk, but they tell us how they feel with their tails, ears, faces and bodies, and a good friend to animals learns to read these signals. Who acts: Cats, good friend. A sentence of the lesson «Cats and dogs up close» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its depen --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/61-cats-and-dogs-up-close/0/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Everyday](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/) / [Cats and dogs up close](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/61-cats-and-dogs-up-close/) / 0 # Cats and dogs up close, sentence 0 Cats and dogs cannot talk, but they tell us how they feel with their tails, ears, faces and bodies, and a good friend to animals learns to read these signals. **Who acts:** Cats, good friend · **What happens:** not talk, tell, feel, learn, read · **To what, where:** us, signals · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Cats and dogs up close» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cats, good friend), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:everyday:061-cats-and-dogs-up-close.lesson:0 # text = Cats and dogs cannot talk, but they tell us how they feel with their tails, ears, faces and bodies, and a good friend to animals learns to read these signals. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = everyday # lesson = 061-cats-and-dogs-up-close.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1 1 Cats cat NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ _ 2 and and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 3 dogs dog NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 conj _ _ 4 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 6 aux _ _ 5 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 6 advmod _ _ 6 talk talk VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 8 but but CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 9 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nsubj _ _ 10 tell tell VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ _ 11 us we PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 10 iobj _ _ 12 how how ADV WRB PronType=Int 14 advmod _ _ 13 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj _ _ 14 feel feel VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 ccomp _ _ 15 with with ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ _ 17 tails tail NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obl _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 19 ears ear NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 conj _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 21 faces face NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 conj _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 23 bodies body NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 conj _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 26 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 27 good good ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 amod _ _ 28 friend friend NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 nsubj _ _ 29 to to ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 nmod _ _ 31 learns learn VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=10:conj 32 to to PART TO _ 33 mark _ _ 33 read read VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 31 xcomp _ _ 34 these this DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 35 det _ _ 35 signals signal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 obj _ _ 36 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **talk** | can | Cats and dogs | | | | | | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present | Cats *= cat* | | us | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP what S»: agent=Agent we=Recipient clause=Topic | | 3 | **feel** | present | Cats *= cat* | | | | | with Cats's tails and ears and faces and bodies | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | | 4 | **learn** | present | a good friend to animals | | | | | | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 5 | **read** | to-infinitive | a good friend to animals *not said here* | this signals | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent signal=Topic | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:061-cats-and-dogs-up-close.lesson:0`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Thinking cleverly about people, 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/60-reasoning-about-people/22/) - next →: [Cats and dogs up close, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/61-cats-and-dogs-up-close/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/61-cats-and-dogs-up-close/)