---
title: Birds need about ten to twelve hours of sleep, so covering part of t… — Birds, reptiles and choosing a pet · tree and pragmatics
description: Birds need about ten to twelve hours of sleep, so covering part of the cage at night helps. Who acts: Birds, covering. A sentence of the lesson «Birds, reptiles and choosing a pet» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Birds, reptiles and choosing a pet, sentence 12

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Birds need about ten to twelve hours of sleep, so covering part of the cage at night helps.

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**Who acts:** Birds, covering · **What happens:** need, cover, help · **To what, where:** part

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Birds, reptiles and choosing a pet» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Birds, covering), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:everyday:064-birds-reptiles-and-choosing-a-pet.lesson:12
# text = Birds need about ten to twelve hours of sleep, so covering part of the cage at night helps.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = everyday
# lesson = 064-birds-reptiles-and-choosing-a-pet.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2
1	Birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	about	about	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	twelve	twelve	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nmod	_	_
7	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:obl
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	sleep	sleep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=12:punct
11	so	so	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
12	covering	cover	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	19	csubj	_	_
13	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	cage	cage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
17	at	at	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=19:obl
19	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:conj
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | Birds |  |  |  | hour |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |
| 2 | **cover** | gerund |  | part of the cage |  |  | night |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme part=Destination |
| 3 | **help** | present | covering |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:064-birds-reptiles-and-choosing-a-pet.lesson:12`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Birds, reptiles and choosing a pet, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/64-birds-reptiles-and-choosing-a-pet/11/)
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