--- title: Horses startle at sudden noise, cows protect their calves from dogs,… — Allergies, horses and farm animals · tree and pragmatics description: Horses startle at sudden noise, cows protect their calves from dogs, and a bull can be very dangerous, so in the countryside you respect fences, follow the farmer's rules and keep your distance. Who acts: Horses, cows, bull, you. A sentence of the lesson «Allergies, horses and farm animals» of the e --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/67-allergies-horses-and-farm-animals/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Everyday](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/) / [Allergies, horses and farm animals](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/67-allergies-horses-and-farm-animals/) / 3 # Allergies, horses and farm animals, sentence 3 Horses startle at sudden noise, cows protect their calves from dogs, and a bull can be very dangerous, so in the countryside you respect fences, follow the farmer's rules and keep your distance. **Who acts:** Horses, cows, bull, you, farmer · **What happens:** startle, protect, be, respect, follow, keep · **To what, where:** sudden noise, calves, fences, countryside, rules, distance This is a sentence of the lesson «Allergies, horses and farm animals» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Horses, cows, bull, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:everyday:067-allergies-horses-and-farm-animals.lesson:3 # text = Horses startle at sudden noise, cows protect their calves from dogs, and a bull can be very dangerous, so in the countryside you respect fences, follow the farmer's rules and keep your distance. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = everyday # lesson = 067-allergies-horses-and-farm-animals.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2 1 Horses horse NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 startle startle VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 30 parataxis _ _ 3 at at ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 4 sudden sudden ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 5 noise noise NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=2:punct 7 cows cow NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nsubj _ _ 8 protect protect VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 9 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ _ 10 calves calf NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obj _ _ 11 from from ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 dogs dog NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=10:nmod 13 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 14 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 15 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 bull bull NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 nsubj _ _ 17 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 20 aux _ _ 18 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 20 cop _ _ 19 very very ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ _ 20 dangerous dangerous ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 conj _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 22 so so ADV RB _ 27 advmod _ _ 23 in in ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 countryside countryside NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obl _ _ 26 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ _ 27 respect respect VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 parataxis _ _ 28 fences fence NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 obj _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=8:punct 30 follow follow VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 31 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 farmer farmer NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 nmod:poss _ _ 33 's 's PART POS _ 32 case _ _ 34 rules rule NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 obj _ _ 35 and and CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 36 keep keep VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 30 conj _ _ 37 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 38 nmod:poss _ _ 38 distance distance NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obj _ _ 39 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=30:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **startle** | present | Horses | | | sudden noise | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | | 2 | **protect** | present | cows | | cows's calves | | | from dogs | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent calf=Beneficiary from dog=Theme | | 3 | **is** | can | a bull | | | | | dangerous *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **respect** | present | you | fences | | the countryside | | | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer fence=Stimulus | | 5 | **follow** | imperative | you *not said here* | the farmer's rules | | | | | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rule=Theme | | 6 | **keep** | infinitive | you *not said here* | your distance | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent distance=Theme | | 7 | **rule** | | the farmer | | | | | | nom rule «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:067-allergies-horses-and-farm-animals.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Allergies, horses and farm animals, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/67-allergies-horses-and-farm-animals/2/) - next →: [Allergies, horses and farm animals, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/67-allergies-horses-and-farm-animals/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/67-allergies-horses-and-farm-animals/)