---
title: Someone who is drowning often cannot shout or wave, so drowning can… — Swimming basics and water confidence · tree and pragmatics
description: Someone who is drowning often cannot shout or wave, so drowning can be very quiet. Who acts: Someone, drowning. A sentence of the lesson «Swimming basics and water confidence» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/7-swimming-and-water/12/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Everyday](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/) / [Swimming basics and water confidence](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/7-swimming-and-water/) / 12

# Swimming basics and water confidence, sentence 12

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Someone who is drowning often cannot shout or wave, so drowning can be very quiet.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Someone, drowning · **What happens:** drown, not shout, wave, be

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Swimming basics and water confidence» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Someone, drowning), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:everyday:007-swimming-and-water.lesson:12
# text = Someone who is drowning often cannot shout or wave, so drowning can be very quiet.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = everyday
# lesson = 007-swimming-and-water.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1
1	Someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	8	nsubj	_	_
2	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	drowning	drown	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	acl:relcl	_	_
5	often	often	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
6	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
8	shout	shout	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	wave	wave	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
12	so	so	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
13	drowning	drown	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=17:nsubj|HaikuPos=VERB:VBG:VerbForm=Ger
14	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
15	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	cop	_	_
16	very	very	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	quiet	quiet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=8:conj
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drown** | present · progressive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **not** **shout** *speech: express* | can | Someone |  |  |  |  | often *property* | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **wave** | infinitive | Someone *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** | can | drowning |  |  |  |  | quiet *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:007-swimming-and-water.lesson:12`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Swimming basics and water confidence, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/7-swimming-and-water/11/)
- next →: [Swimming basics and water confidence, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/7-swimming-and-water/13/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/7-swimming-and-water/)