--- title: Between about 8 and 14, the body starts to change from a child's bod… — Sun, cold and growing up · tree and pragmatics description: Between about 8 and 14, the body starts to change from a child's body to an adult's; this is called puberty, it is caused by hormones, and it happens at a different time for everyone. Who acts: body, hormones, it. A sentence of the lesson «Sun, cold and growing up» of the everyday course of Mova's p --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/86-sun-cold-and-growing-up/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Everyday](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/) / [Sun, cold and growing up](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/86-sun-cold-and-growing-up/) / 2 # Sun, cold and growing up, sentence 2 Between about 8 and 14, the body starts to change from a child's body to an adult's; this is called puberty, it is caused by hormones, and it happens at a different time for everyone. **Who acts:** body, hormones, it · **What happens:** start, change, call, cause, happen · **To what, where:** body, this · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Sun, cold and growing up» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (body, hormones, it), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:everyday:086-sun-cold-and-growing-up.lesson:2 # text = Between about 8 and 14, the body starts to change from a child's body to an adult's; this is called puberty, it is caused by hormones, and it happens at a different time for everyone. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = everyday # lesson = 086-sun-cold-and-growing-up.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Between between ADP IN _ 3 case _ _ 2 about about ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 3 8 8 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 9 obl _ _ 4 and and CCONJ CC _ 5 cc _ _ 5 14 14 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 3 conj _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 body body NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 9 starts start VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 10 to to PART TO _ 11 mark _ _ 11 change change VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 9 xcomp _ _ 12 from from ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 13 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 child child NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nmod:poss _ _ 15 's 's PART POS _ 14 case _ _ 16 body body NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obl _ _ 17 to to ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 adult adult NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obl _ _ 20 's 's PART POS _ 19 case _ _ 21 ; ; PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 22 this this PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 24 nsubj:pass _ _ 23 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 24 aux:pass _ _ 24 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 9 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=9:conj 25 puberty puberty NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 xcomp _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 27 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 nsubj:pass _ _ 28 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 29 aux:pass _ _ 29 caused cause VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 9 conj _ _ 30 by by ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 31 hormones hormone NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 obl _ _ 32 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 33 and and CCONJ CC _ 35 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=29:cc 34 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 nsubj _ _ 35 happens happen VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 29 conj _ _ 36 at at ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 37 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 38 different different ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 39 amod _ _ 39 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 obl _ _ 40 for for ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 41 everyone everyone PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Tot 39 nmod _ _ 42 . . PUNCT . _ 9 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **start** | present | the body | | | | | between 8 | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | | 2 | **change** | to-infinitive | the body *not said here* | | | a child's body | | to a adult *result* | vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP V PP.material PP.result»: agent=Agent from body=Initial\_State to adult=Result | | 3 | **call** | present · passive | | this | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | | 4 | **cause** | present · passive | hormones | body | | | | | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition subject=Patient | | 5 | **happen** | present | it | | | | time | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:086-sun-cold-and-growing-up.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Sun, cold and growing up, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/86-sun-cold-and-growing-up/1/) - next →: [Sun, cold and growing up, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/86-sun-cold-and-growing-up/3/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/86-sun-cold-and-growing-up/)