---
title: A tan is a sign the sun has already harmed the skin, not a shield, s… — Sun, cold and growing up · tree and pragmatics
description: A tan is a sign the sun has already harmed the skin, not a shield, so tanned skin still needs sunscreen. Who acts: tan, sun, tanned skin. A sentence of the lesson «Sun, cold and growing up» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Sun, cold and growing up, sentence 20

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A tan is a sign the sun has already harmed the skin, not a shield, so tanned skin still needs sunscreen.

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**Who acts:** tan, sun, tanned skin · **What happens:** be, harm, need · **To what, where:** sign, skin, sunscreen

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Sun, cold and growing up» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tan, sun, tanned skin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:everyday:086-sun-cold-and-growing-up.lesson:20
# text = A tan is a sign the sun has already harmed the skin, not a shield, so tanned skin still needs sunscreen.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = everyday
# lesson = 086-sun-cold-and-growing-up.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	tan	tan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
8	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	already	already	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	harmed	harm	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl:relcl	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	16	advmod	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	shield	shield	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
18	so	so	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
19	tanned	tan	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=20:amod|HaikuPos=VERB:VBN:Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass
20	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj	_	_
21	still	still	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
22	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:conj
23	sunscreen	sunscreen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a tan | a sign |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **harm** | present · perfect | the sun | the skin and a shield |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus skin=Experiencer |
| 3 | **need** | present | tanned skin | sunscreen |  |  | still |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot sunscreen=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:086-sun-cold-and-growing-up.lesson:20`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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