--- title: French writes lots of letters that nobody says out loud, a bit like… — Silent letters: why French doesn't say everythin… · tree and pragmatics description: French writes lots of letters that nobody says out loud, a bit like the silent k in English "knee" and the silent b in "lamb". Who acts: French, nobody. A sentence of the lesson «Silent letters: why French doesn't say everything it writes» of the french course of Mova's primary school with its depen --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/1-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes/0/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [French](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/) / [Silent letters: why French doesn't say…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/1-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes/) / 0 # Silent letters: why French doesn't say everything it writes, sentence 0 French writes lots of letters that nobody says out loud, a bit like the silent k in English "knee" and the silent b in "lamb". **Who acts:** French, nobody · **What happens:** write, say · **To what, where:** lots, letters · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Silent letters: why French doesn't say everything it writes» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (French, nobody), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:french:001-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes.lesson:0 # text = French writes lots of letters that nobody says out loud, a bit like the silent k in English "knee" and the silent b in "lamb". # source = school lesson (ours) # course = french # lesson = 001-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 French French PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 writes write VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 lots lot NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj _ _ 4 of of ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 letters letter NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nmod _ _ 6 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 8 obj _ _ 7 nobody nobody PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Neg 8 nsubj _ _ 8 says say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 acl:relcl _ _ 9 out out ADV RB _ 10 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=8:compound:prt|HaikuPos=ADP:RP:_ 10 loud loud ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 12 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 bit bit NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 appos _ _ 14 like like ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 16 silent silent ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod _ _ 17 k k NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nmod _ _ 18 in in ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 English English PROPN NNP Number=Sing 17 nmod _ _ 20 " " PUNCT `` _ 21 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=19:punct 21 knee knee NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 nmod _ _ 22 " " PUNCT '' _ 21 punct _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 25 silent silent ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=26:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 26 b B NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 conj _ _ 27 in in ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 " " PUNCT `` _ 29 punct _ _ 29 lamb lamb NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 nmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=17:nmod 30 " " PUNCT '' _ 29 punct _ _ 31 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **write** | present | French | lots of letters | | | | | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Theme | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | nobody | letters | | | | loud *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent that=Topic | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:french:001-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes.lesson:0`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Friends who get it, 53](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/525-friends-who-get-it/53/) - next →: [Silent letters: why French doesn't say…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/1-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes/1/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/1-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes/)