--- title: Think of the end of a French word as a sleepy tail: s, t, d, x and z… — Silent letters: why French doesn't say everythin… · tree and pragmatics description: Think of the end of a French word as a sleepy tail: s, t, d, x and z there usually stay asleep, so Paris sounds like "pa-REE" and petit like "puh-TEE". Who acts: you, Paris. A sentence of the lesson «Silent letters: why French doesn't say everything it writes» of the french course of Mova's primary --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/1-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [French](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/) / [Silent letters: why French doesn't say…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/1-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes/) / 1 # Silent letters: why French doesn't say everything it writes, sentence 1 Think of the end of a French word as a sleepy tail: s, t, d, x and z there usually stay asleep, so Paris sounds like "pa-REE" and petit like "puh-TEE". **Who acts:** you, Paris · **What happens:** think, stay, sound · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Silent letters: why French doesn't say everything it writes» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, Paris), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:french:001-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes.lesson:1 # text = Think of the end of a French word as a sleepy tail: s, t, d, x and z there usually stay asleep, so Paris sounds like "pa-REE" and petit like "puh-TEE". # source = school lesson (ours) # course = french # lesson = 001-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×2 1 Think think VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 2 of of ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 end end NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obl _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 7 French French ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 word word NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod _ _ 9 as as ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 10 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 11 sleepy sleepy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 tail tail NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obl _ _ 13 : : PUNCT : _ 16 punct _ _ 14 s 's PART POS Typo=Yes 13 case _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 16 t t NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 appos _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 18 d d NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 conj _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 20 x x NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 conj _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 22 z z NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 conj _ _ 23 there there ADV RB PronType=Dem 1 advmod _ _ 24 usually usually ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ _ 25 stay stay VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 1 ccomp _ _ 26 asleep asleep ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 xcomp _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 28 so so ADV RB _ 30 advmod _ _ 29 Paris Paris PROPN NNP Number=Sing 30 nsubj _ _ 30 sounds sound VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 25 advcl _ _ 31 like like ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 32 " " PUNCT `` _ 35 punct _ _ 33 pa pa NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 compound _ _ 34 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 35 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=33:punct 35 REE ree NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obl _ _ 36 " " PUNCT '' _ 35 punct _ _ 37 and and CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ _ 38 petit petit PROPN NNP Number=Sing 35 conj _ _ 39 like like ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 40 " " PUNCT `` _ 43 punct _ _ 41 puh puh INTJ UH _ 43 discourse _ _ 42 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 43 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=41:punct 43 TEE tee NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 nmod _ _ 44 " " PUNCT '' _ 43 punct _ _ 45 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: suggest - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=suggest | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **think** *speech: other* | imperative | you *not said here* | | | there | of the end of a French word | as a sleepy tail | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 2 | **stay** | infinitive | | | | | | asleep, usually *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **sound** | present | Paris | | | | | like pa REE like TEE and petit | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:french:001-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Silent letters: why French doesn't say…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/1-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes/0/) - next →: [Silent letters: why French doesn't say…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/1-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/1-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes/)