--- title: The letter h is never breathed out in French: hôtel sounds like "oh-… — Silent letters: why French doesn't say everythin… · tree and pragmatics description: The letter h is never breathed out in French: hôtel sounds like "oh-TEL", hôpital (hospital) like "o-pee-TAL" and homme (man) like "om". Who acts: hôtel. A sentence of the lesson «Silent letters: why French doesn't say everything it writes» of the french course of Mova's primary school with its depe --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/1-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [French](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/) / [Silent letters: why French doesn't say…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/1-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes/) / 11 # Silent letters: why French doesn't say everything it writes, sentence 11 The letter h is never breathed out in French: hôtel sounds like "oh-TEL", hôpital (hospital) like "o-pee-TAL" and homme (man) like "om". **Who acts:** hôtel · **What happens:** not breathe out, sound · **To what, where:** letter, French This is a sentence of the lesson «Silent letters: why French doesn't say everything it writes» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hôtel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:french:001-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes.lesson:11 # text = The letter h is never breathed out in French: hôtel sounds like "oh-TEL", hôpital (hospital) like "o-pee-TAL" and homme (man) like "om". # source = school lesson (ours) # course = french # lesson = 001-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=3:det 2 letter letter NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj:pass _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=3:compound 3 h h NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj:pass _ _ 4 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 aux:pass _ _ 5 never never ADV RB PronType=Neg 6 advmod _ _ 6 breathed breathe VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 7 out out ADP RP _ 6 compound:prt _ _ 8 in in ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 French French PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ 10 : : PUNCT : _ 12 punct _ _ 11 hôtel hôtel NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ _ 12 sounds sound VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=6:conj 13 like like ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 14 " " PUNCT `` _ 17 punct _ _ 15 oh oh INTJ UH _ 17 discourse _ _ 16 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 15 punct _ _ 17 TEL tel NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obl _ _ 18 " " PUNCT '' _ 17 punct _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 20 hôpital hôpital NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 appos _ _ 21 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 22 punct _ _ 22 hospital hospital NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 appos _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=20:obl 23 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 22 punct _ _ 24 like like ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 25 " " PUNCT `` _ 30 punct _ _ 26 o of ADP IN Abbr=Yes 30 case _ _ 27 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 26 punct _ _ 28 pee pee NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 compound _ _ 29 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 30 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=28:punct 30 TAL TAL PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 obl _ _ 31 " " PUNCT '' _ 30 punct _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 33 homme homme NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 conj _ _ 34 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 35 punct _ _ 35 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 appos _ _ 36 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 35 punct _ _ 37 like like ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 38 " " PUNCT `` _ 39 punct _ _ 39 om om NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 nmod _ _ 40 " " PUNCT '' _ 39 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=20:punct 41 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **breathe out** | present · passive | | the letter | | French | | | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | | 2 | **sound** | present | hôtel | | | | | like TEL | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:french:001-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Silent letters: why French doesn't say…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/1-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes/10/) - next →: [Silent letters: why French doesn't say…, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/1-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/1-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes/)