--- title: After ils or elles (they), the verb ending -ent is silent: ils parle… — Silent letters: why French doesn't say everythin… · tree and pragmatics description: After ils or elles (they), the verb ending -ent is silent: ils parlent (they speak) sounds like "eel PARL". Who acts: ent, s. A sentence of the lesson «Silent letters: why French doesn't say everything it writes» of the french course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmati --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/1-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes/16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [French](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/) / [Silent letters: why French doesn't say…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/1-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes/) / 16 # Silent letters: why French doesn't say everything it writes, sentence 16 After ils or elles (they), the verb ending -ent is silent: ils parlent (they speak) sounds like "eel PARL". **Who acts:** ent, s · **What happens:** be, speak, sound · **To what, where:** eel PARL · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Silent letters: why French doesn't say everything it writes» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ent, s), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:french:001-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes.lesson:16 # text = After ils or elles (they), the verb ending -ent is silent: ils parlent (they speak) sounds like "eel PARL". # source = school lesson (ours) # course = french # lesson = 001-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 After after ADP IN _ 2 case _ _ 2 ils il NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 obl _ _ 3 or or CCONJ CC _ 4 cc _ _ 4 elles elle NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 conj _ _ 5 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 6 punct _ _ 6 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 conj _ _ 7 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 6 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=2:punct 8 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 10 verb verb NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 compound _ _ 11 ending ending NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 conj _ _ 12 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 2 punct _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=2:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:,:_ 13 ent ent NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ _ 14 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 cop _ _ 15 silent silent ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 parataxis _ _ 16 : : PUNCT : _ 18 punct _ _ 17 ils il NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 compound _ _ 18 parlent parlent NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl _ _ 19 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 21 punct _ _ 20 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 nsubj _ _ 21 speak speak VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 parataxis _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=15:parataxis 22 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 21 punct _ _ 23 sounds sound VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 24 like like ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 25 " " PUNCT `` _ 26 punct _ _ 26 eel eel NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 compound _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=23:obl 27 PARL parl NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=26:appos|HaikuPos=PROPN:NNP:Number=Sing 28 " " PUNCT '' _ 27 punct _ _ 29 . . PUNCT . _ 15 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=23:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | ent | | | | after ils or elles and the verb ending | ils parlent *obl*; silent *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | present | s | | | | | | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **sound** | present | | eel PARL | | | | | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:french:001-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes.lesson:16`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Silent letters: why French doesn't say…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/1-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes/15/) - next →: [Silent letters: why French doesn't say…, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/1-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes/17/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/1-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes/)