--- title: On words that are not doing words, -ent can be heard as a nasal "ahn… — Silent letters: why French doesn't say everythin… · tree and pragmatics description: On words that are not doing words, -ent can be heard as a nasal "ahn": le vent (the wind) sounds like "luh VAHN". Who acts: words, le vent. A sentence of the lesson «Silent letters: why French doesn't say everything it writes» of the french course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree an --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/1-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes/17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [French](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/) / [Silent letters: why French doesn't say…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/1-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes/) / 17 # Silent letters: why French doesn't say everything it writes, sentence 17 On words that are not doing words, -ent can be heard as a nasal "ahn": le vent (the wind) sounds like "luh VAHN". **Who acts:** words, le vent · **What happens:** not do, hear, sound · **To what, where:** words, ent This is a sentence of the lesson «Silent letters: why French doesn't say everything it writes» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (words, le vent), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:french:001-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes.lesson:17 # text = On words that are not doing words, -ent can be heard as a nasal "ahn": le vent (the wind) sounds like "luh VAHN". # source = school lesson (ours) # course = french # lesson = 001-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4 1 On on ADP IN _ 2 case _ _ 2 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 obl _ _ 3 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 6 nsubj _ _ 4 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 aux _ _ 5 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 6 advmod _ _ 6 doing do VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 2 acl _ _ 7 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obj _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 9 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 10 punct _ _ 10 ent ent NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nsubj:pass _ _ 11 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 13 aux _ _ 12 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 13 aux:pass _ _ 13 heard hear VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 14 as as ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 18 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=16:det 16 nasal nasal ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=13:obl|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 17 " " PUNCT `` _ 18 punct _ _ 18 ahn ahn NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=16:appos 19 " " PUNCT '' _ 18 punct _ _ 20 : : PUNCT : _ 22 punct _ _ 21 le le NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 compound _ _ 22 vent vent NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 conj _ _ 23 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 25 punct _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 wind wind NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 appos _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=27:nsubj 26 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 25 punct _ _ 27 sounds sound VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 acl:relcl _ _ 28 like like ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 29 " " PUNCT `` _ 31 punct _ _ 30 luh luh INTJ UH _ 31 discourse _ _ 31 VAHN VAHN PROPN NNP Number=Sing 27 obl _ _ 32 " " PUNCT '' _ 31 punct _ _ 33 . . PUNCT . _ 13 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **do** | present · progressive | words | words | | | | | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Eventuality | | 2 | **hear** | can · passive | | ent | | words | | a nasal ahn *obl* | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Stimulus | | 3 | **sound** | present | le vent *not said here* | | | | | like VAHN | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:french:001-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes.lesson:17`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Silent letters: why French doesn't say…, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/1-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes/16/) - next →: [Silent letters: why French doesn't say…, 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/1-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes/18/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/1-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes/)