--- title: A few end letters are usually awake, and the word CaReFuL helps you… — Silent letters: why French doesn't say everythin… · tree and pragmatics description: A few end letters are usually awake, and the word CaReFuL helps you remember them: c, r, f and l, as in sac, bonjour, neuf and avril. Who acts: few end letters, word, you. A sentence of the lesson «Silent letters: why French doesn't say everything it writes» of the french course of Mova's primary sc --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/1-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [French](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/) / [Silent letters: why French doesn't say…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/1-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes/) / 2 # Silent letters: why French doesn't say everything it writes, sentence 2 A few end letters are usually awake, and the word CaReFuL helps you remember them: c, r, f and l, as in sac, bonjour, neuf and avril. **Who acts:** few end letters, word, you · **What happens:** be, help, remember · **To what, where:** you, letters This is a sentence of the lesson «Silent letters: why French doesn't say everything it writes» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (few end letters, word, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:french:001-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes.lesson:2 # text = A few end letters are usually awake, and the word CaReFuL helps you remember them: c, r, f and l, as in sac, bonjour, neuf and avril. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = french # lesson = 001-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 2 few few ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 3 end end NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 compound _ _ 4 letters letter NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ _ 5 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 cop _ _ 6 usually usually ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _ 7 awake awake ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 word word NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nsubj _ _ 12 CaReFuL careful ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 appos _ _ 13 helps help VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 conj _ _ 14 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 13 obj _ _ 15 remember remember VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 13 xcomp _ _ 16 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 obj _ _ 17 : : PUNCT : _ 18 punct _ _ 18 c c NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 ccomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=15:parataxis 19 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 20 r r NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 conj _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 22 f f NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 appos _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 24 l l NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 conj _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 26 as as ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 27 in in ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 28 sac sac NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 parataxis _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 30 bonjour bonjour NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 conj _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 32 neuf neuf NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=28:appos 33 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 34 avril avril NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 conj _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | a few end letters | | | | | awake, usually *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **help** | present | the word | you | | | | | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent you=Beneficiary clause=Theme | | 3 | **remember** | infinitive | you *not said here* | letters *= letter* | | | | | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent they=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:french:001-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Silent letters: why French doesn't say…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/1-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes/1/) - next →: [Silent letters: why French doesn't say…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/1-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes/3/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/1-silent-letters-why-french-doesnt-say-everything-it-writes/)