--- title: Some weather has its own little verb: il pleut (it's raining) and il… — Weather and seasons · tree and pragmatics description: Some weather has its own little verb: il pleut (it's raining) and il neige (it's snowing); and for things you see in the sky you use il y a, "there is": il y a des nuages (it's cloudy). Who acts: weather, it, you, il. A sentence of the lesson «Weather and seasons» of the french course of Mova's prim --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/13-weather-and-seasons/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [French](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/) / [Weather and seasons](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/13-weather-and-seasons/) / 1 # Weather and seasons, sentence 1 Some weather has its own little verb: il pleut (it's raining) and il neige (it's snowing); and for things you see in the sky you use il y a, "there is": il y a des nuages (it's cloudy). **Who acts:** weather, it, you, il · **What happens:** have, rain, snow, see, use, be · **To what, where:** own little verb, things, sky, il, nuages · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Weather and seasons» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (weather, it, you, il), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:french:013-weather-and-seasons.lesson:1 # text = Some weather has its own little verb: il pleut (it's raining) and il neige (it's snowing); and for things you see in the sky you use il y a, "there is": il y a des nuages (it's cloudy). # source = school lesson (ours) # course = french # lesson = 013-weather-and-seasons.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Some some DET DT PronType=Ind 2 det _ _ 2 weather weather NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ _ 5 own own ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 6 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 7 verb verb NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 8 : : PUNCT : _ 9 punct _ _ 9 il il PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 appos _ _ 10 pleut pleut PROPN NNP Number=Sing 9 flat _ _ 11 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 14 punct _ _ 12 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj _ _ 13 's be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 aux _ _ 14 raining rain VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 10 parataxis _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=3:conj 15 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 14 punct _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 17 il il PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 compound _ _ 18 neige neige NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 conj _ _ 19 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 22 punct _ _ 20 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ _ 21 's be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 aux _ _ 22 snowing snow VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 14 parataxis _ _ 23 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 22 punct _ _ 24 ; ; PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 26 for for ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 things thing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 obl _ _ 28 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 29 nsubj _ _ 29 see see VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 27 acl:relcl _ _ 30 in in ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 31 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 sky sky NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obl _ _ 33 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 34 nsubj _ _ 34 use use VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 35 il il PROPN NNP Number=Sing 34 obj _ _ 36 y y ADV WRB PronType=Int 37 advmod _ _ 37 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 34 obj _ _ 38 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=37:punct 39 " " PUNCT `` _ 41 punct _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=41:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:'':_ 40 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 41 expl _ _ 41 is be VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 34 parataxis _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=37:conj 42 " " PUNCT `` _ 45 punct _ _ 43 : : PUNCT : _ 44 punct _ _ 44 il il PROPN NNP Number=Sing 45 nsubj _ _ 45 y y VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 41 parataxis _ _ 46 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 48 det _ _ 47 des des DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 48 det _ _ 48 nuages nuage NOUN NNS Number=Plur 45 obj _ _ 49 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 52 punct _ _ 50 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 52 nsubj _ _ 51 's be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 52 cop _ _ 52 cloudy cloudy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 48 parataxis _ _ 53 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 52 punct _ _ 54 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | present | some weather | weather's own little verb | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent verb=Patient | | 2 | **rain** | present · progressive | it | | | | | | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» | | 3 | **snow** | present · progressive | it | | | | | | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» | | 4 | **see** | present | you | things *not said here* | | the sky | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer thing=Stimulus | | 5 | **use** | present | you | il | | | | for things | tree rules | | 6 | **be** *in a quote* | present | | | | there | | | tree rules | | 7 | **y** | past | il | a nuages | | | | | tree rules | | 8 | **is** | present | weather | | | | | cloudy *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:french:013-weather-and-seasons.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Weather and seasons, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/13-weather-and-seasons/0/) - next →: [Weather and seasons, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/13-weather-and-seasons/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/13-weather-and-seasons/)