---
title: le pain perdu ("lost bread") is French toast: old bread soaked in eg… — Food and drink · tree and pragmatics
description: le pain perdu ("lost bread") is French toast: old bread soaked in egg and milk and fried. Who acts: pain perdu. A sentence of the lesson «Food and drink» of the french course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Food and drink, sentence 14

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le pain perdu ("lost bread") is French toast: old bread soaked in egg and milk and fried.

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**Who acts:** pain perdu · **What happens:** lose, be, soak, fry · **To what, where:** French toast, old bread

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Food and drink» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pain perdu), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:french:018-food-and-drink.lesson:14
# text = le pain perdu ("lost bread") is French toast: old bread soaked in egg and milk and fried.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = french
# lesson = 018-food-and-drink.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1
1	le	le	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	pain	pain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	perdu	perdu	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
4	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	7	punct	_	_
5	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	_
6	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	amod	_	_
7	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	_
8	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
9	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	7	punct	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
11	French	French	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	toast	toast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
14	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	appos	_	_
16	soaked	soak	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	acl	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	egg	egg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	fried	fry	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	conj	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=16:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VBD:Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lose** *in a quote* | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present | pain perdu | French toast |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **soak** | participle |  | old bread *not said here* |  |  |  | in egg and milk | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent in egg=Theme |
| 4 | **fry** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:french:018-food-and-drink.lesson:14`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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