---
title: un cahier ("ka-YAY") is an exercise book; the h is silent; un livre… — In the classroom · tree and pragmatics
description: un cahier ("ka-YAY") is an exercise book; the h is silent; un livre is a book you read. Who acts: un cahier, h, un livre, you. A sentence of the lesson «In the classroom» of the french course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# In the classroom, sentence 12

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
un cahier ("ka-YAY") is an exercise book; the h is silent; un livre is a book you read.

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**Who acts:** un cahier, h, un livre, you · **What happens:** be, read · **To what, where:** exercise book, book

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This is a sentence of the lesson «In the classroom» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (un cahier, h, un livre, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:french:020-in-the-classroom.lesson:12
# text = un cahier ("ka-YAY") is an exercise book; the h is silent; un livre is a book you read.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = french
# lesson = 020-in-the-classroom.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1
1	un	un	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	cahier	cahier	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
3	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	5	punct	_	_
4	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	_
5	ka	ka	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	appos	_	_
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=7:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:,:_
7	YAY	yay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
8	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
9	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	5	punct	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
11	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	exercise	exercise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
14	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	h	h	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
17	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
18	silent	silent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	parataxis	_	_
19	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
20	un	un	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
21	livre	livre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nsubj	_	_
22	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	cop	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	_
25	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
26	read	read	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	acl:relcl	_	_
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | un cahier | a exercise book |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | the h |  |  |  |  | silent *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** | present | un livre | a book |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **read** | past | you | a book *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:french:020-in-the-classroom.lesson:12`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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