--- title: C'est loin ? means "Is it far?"; loin is far and près is near. — The town and directions · tree and pragmatics description: C'est loin ? means "Is it far?"; loin is far and près is near. Who acts: C'est, loin. A sentence of the lesson «The town and directions» of the french course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/22-the-town-and-directions/13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [French](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/) / [The town and directions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/22-the-town-and-directions/) / 13 # The town and directions, sentence 13 C'est loin ? means "Is it far?"; loin is far and près is near. **Who acts:** C'est, loin · **What happens:** loin, mean, be · **To what, where:** loin · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «The town and directions» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (C'est, loin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:french:022-the-town-and-directions.lesson:13 # text = C'est loin ? means "Is it far?"; loin is far and près is near. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = french # lesson = 022-the-town-and-directions.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 C'est c' PRON PRP Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 loin loin NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 dep _ _ 3 ? ? PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ 4 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 " " PUNCT `` _ 6 punct _ _ 6 Is be VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 ccomp _ _ 7 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 expl _ _ 8 far far ADV RB Degree=Pos 6 advmod _ _ 9 ? ? PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=6:punct 10 " " PUNCT '' _ 8 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=6:punct 11 ; ; PUNCT : _ 14 punct _ _ 12 loin loin NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ _ 13 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 cop _ _ 14 far far ADV RB Degree=Pos 4 ccomp _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 16 près près ADV RB _ 14 conj _ _ 17 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 cop _ _ 18 near near ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=14:conj|HaikuPos=ADV:RB:_ 19 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed form=decl, act=assert, voice=narrator | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **loin** | | C'est | | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **mean** | present | | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **be** *in a quote* | present | | loin | | | | far *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **is** | present | loin | | | | | far *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **is** | present | loin *not said here* | | | | | near *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:french:022-the-town-and-directions.lesson:13`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The town and directions, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/22-the-town-and-directions/12/) - next →: [The town and directions, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/22-the-town-and-directions/15/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/22-the-town-and-directions/)