--- title: Every French noun belongs to one of two groups, masculine (le, un) o… — Le, la, un, une: every word is a boy or a girl · tree and pragmatics description: Every French noun belongs to one of two groups, masculine (le, un) or feminine (la, une), even tables, cars and clouds; it is a habit of the word, not a sign that the thing is male or female. Who acts: French noun, noun, thing. A sentence of the lesson «Le, la, un, une: every word is a boy or a girl --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/25-le-la-un-une-every-word-is-a-boy-or-a-girl/0/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [French](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/) / [Le, la, un, une: every word is a boy o…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/25-le-la-un-une-every-word-is-a-boy-or-a-girl/) / 0 # Le, la, un, une: every word is a boy or a girl, sentence 0 Every French noun belongs to one of two groups, masculine (le, un) or feminine (la, une), even tables, cars and clouds; it is a habit of the word, not a sign that the thing is male or female. **Who acts:** French noun, noun, thing · **What happens:** belong, be · **To what, where:** masculine, one, habit, sign This is a sentence of the lesson «Le, la, un, une: every word is a boy or a girl» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (French noun, noun, thing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:french:025-le-la-un-une-every-word-is-a-boy-or-a-girl.lesson:0 # text = Every French noun belongs to one of two groups, masculine (le, un) or feminine (la, une), even tables, cars and clouds; it is a habit of the word, not a sign that the thing is male or female. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = french # lesson = 025-le-la-un-une-every-word-is-a-boy-or-a-girl.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Every every DET DT PronType=Tot 3 det _ _ 2 French French ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 noun noun NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 belongs belong VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 to to ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 4 obl _ _ 7 of of ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 9 nummod _ _ 9 groups group NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nmod _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 11 masculine masculine NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 12 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 13 punct _ _ 13 le le NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 appos _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 15 un un NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 conj _ _ 16 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 13 punct _ _ 17 or or CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 18 feminine feminine ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=11:conj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 19 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 20 punct _ _ 20 la la X FW _ 18 appos _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 22 une une X FW Foreign=Yes 20 flat:foreign _ _ 23 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 20 punct _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 25 even even ADV RB _ 26 advmod _ _ 26 tables table NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 28 cars car NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=26:appos 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 30 clouds cloud NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 conj _ _ 31 ; ; PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 32 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 nsubj _ _ 33 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 35 cop _ _ 34 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 35 habit habit NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 parataxis _ _ 36 of of ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 word word NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 nmod _ _ 39 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 40 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 42 advmod _ _ 41 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 42 det _ _ 42 sign sign NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 appos _ _ 43 that that SCONJ IN _ 47 mark _ _ 44 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 45 det _ _ 45 thing thing NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 nsubj _ _ 46 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 47 cop _ _ 47 male male ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 42 acl _ _ 48 or or CCONJ CC _ 49 cc _ _ 49 female female ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 47 conj _ _ 50 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=assert | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **belong** | present | every French noun | masculine | one of two groups | | | tables and cars and clouds *obl* | tree rules | | 2 | **is a** | present | noun | a habit | | | | of the word | tree rules | | 3 | **is** | present | the thing | a sign *not said here* | | | | male *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **be** | | the thing *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:french:025-le-la-un-une-every-word-is-a-boy-or-a-girl.lesson:0`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Likes and dislikes: j'aime, je n'aime…, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/24-likes-and-dislikes/16/) - next →: [Le, la, un, une: every word is a boy o…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/25-le-la-un-une-every-word-is-a-boy-or-a-girl/1/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/25-le-la-un-une-every-word-is-a-boy-or-a-girl/)