---
title: Endings are good clues: -tion, -ure and -ette are usually la, while… — Le, la, un, une: every word is a boy or a girl · tree and pragmatics
description: Endings are good clues: -tion, -ure and -ette are usually la, while -age, -eau and -ment are usually le, but every pattern has a few rebels such as la plage and l'eau. Who acts: Endings, good clues, age, pattern. A sentence of the lesson «Le, la, un, une: every word is a boy or a girl» of the french
---

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# Le, la, un, une: every word is a boy or a girl, sentence 3

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Endings are good clues: -tion, -ure and -ette are usually la, while -age, -eau and -ment are usually le, but every pattern has a few rebels such as la plage and l'eau.

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**Who acts:** Endings, good clues, age, pattern · **What happens:** be, have · **To what, where:** good clues, le, few rebels

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Le, la, un, une: every word is a boy or a girl» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Endings, good clues, age, pattern), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:french:025-le-la-un-une-every-word-is-a-boy-or-a-girl.lesson:3
# text = Endings are good clues: -tion, -ure and -ette are usually la, while -age, -eau and -ment are usually le, but every pattern has a few rebels such as la plage and l'eau.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = french
# lesson = 025-le-la-un-une-every-word-is-a-boy-or-a-girl.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×3
1	Endings	ending	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	clues	clue	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj	_	_
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	_
7	tion	tion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	10	punct	_	Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=7:punct
10	ure	ure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	_
13	ette	ette	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
14	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
15	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	la	la	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
19	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	18	punct	_	_
20	age	age	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=29:punct
22	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	23	punct	_	_
23	eau	eau	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	conj	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
25	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	24	punct	_	_
26	ment	ment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	conj	_	_
27	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	cop	_	_
28	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	_
29	le	le	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	_
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
31	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
32	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	33	det	_	_
33	pattern	pattern	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nsubj	_	_
34	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	conj	_	_
35	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
36	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	37	amod	_	_
37	rebels	rebel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	obj	_	_
38	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	41	case	_	_
39	as	as	ADP	IN	_	38	fixed	_	_
40	la	la	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	41	amod	_	_
41	plage	plage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	nmod	_	_
42	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	43	cc	_	_
43	l'eau	l'eau	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	conj	_	_
44	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=16:punct
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Endings | good clues and tion ure and ette |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | good clues and tion ure and ette |  |  |  |  | la, usually *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** | present | age and eau and ment | le |  |  |  | usually *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **have** | present | every pattern | a few rebels |  |  |  | such la plage and l'eau | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rebel=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:french:025-le-la-un-une-every-word-is-a-boy-or-a-girl.lesson:3`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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