---
title: French keeps des where English often says nothing. — Plurals: les, des and silent s · tree and pragmatics
description: French keeps des where English often says nothing. Who acts: French, English. A sentence of the lesson «Plurals: les, des and silent s» of the french course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Plurals: les, des and silent s, sentence 7

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French keeps des where English often says nothing.

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**Who acts:** French, English · **What happens:** keep, say · **To what, where:** des, nothing · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Plurals: les, des and silent s» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (French, English), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:french:026-plurals-les-des-and-silent-s.lesson:7
# text = French keeps des where English often says nothing.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = french
# lesson = 026-plurals-les-des-and-silent-s.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	French	French	PROPN	NNP	_	2	nsubj	_	_
2	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	des	de	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	7	advmod	_	_
5	English	English	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
6	often	often	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
8	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	7	obj	_	_
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present | French | des |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent de=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | English | nothing |  |  |  | often *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent nothing=Topic |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:french:026-plurals-les-des-and-silent-s.lesson:7`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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