--- title: Words ending in -al usually change to -aux: un animal, des animaux;… — Plurals: les, des and silent s · tree and pragmatics description: Words ending in -al usually change to -aux: un animal, des animaux; un cheval, des chevaux; un journal, des journaux. Who acts: Words. A sentence of the lesson «Plurals: les, des and silent s» of the french course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/26-plurals-les-des-and-silent-s/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [French](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/) / [Plurals: les, des and silent s](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/26-plurals-les-des-and-silent-s/) / 9 # Plurals: les, des and silent s, sentence 9 Words ending in -al usually change to -aux: un animal, des animaux; un cheval, des chevaux; un journal, des journaux. **Who acts:** Words · **What happens:** end, change · **To what, where:** al This is a sentence of the lesson «Plurals: les, des and silent s» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Words), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:french:026-plurals-les-des-and-silent-s.lesson:9 # text = Words ending in -al usually change to -aux: un animal, des animaux; un cheval, des chevaux; un journal, des journaux. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = french # lesson = 026-plurals-les-des-and-silent-s.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ _ 2 ending end VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 1 acl _ _ 3 in in ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 4 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 3 punct _ _ 5 al Al PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 obl _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=2:obl|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 6 usually usually ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _ 7 change change VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 8 to to ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 8 punct _ _ 10 aux aux NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ _ 11 : : PUNCT : _ 13 punct _ _ 12 un un DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 animal animal NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 appos _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 15 des des DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 animaux animaux NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 conj _ _ 17 ; ; PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 18 un un DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 cheval cheval NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 conj _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 21 des des DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 chevaux chevaux NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 conj _ _ 23 ; ; PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 24 un un DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 journal journal NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 conj _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 27 des des DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 journaux journaux NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 conj _ _ 29 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **end** | gerund | Words *not said here* | | | al | | | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | | 2 | **change** | infinitive | Words | | | | | to aux *result*; usually *property* | vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Agent to aux=Result | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:french:026-plurals-les-des-and-silent-s.lesson:9`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Plurals: les, des and silent s, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/26-plurals-les-des-and-silent-s/8/) - next →: [Plurals: les, des and silent s, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/26-plurals-les-des-and-silent-s/10/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/26-plurals-les-des-and-silent-s/)