--- title: Ils sont means "they are"; the s of ils is silent before a consonant… — Être: to be · tree and pragmatics description: Ils sont means "they are"; the s of ils is silent before a consonant, so ils sont sounds like "eel SON". Who acts: Ils, words, s, ils sont. A sentence of the lesson «Être: to be» of the french course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/28-etre-to-be/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [French](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/) / [Être: to be](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/28-etre-to-be/) / 11 # Être: to be, sentence 11 Ils sont means "they are"; the s of ils is silent before a consonant, so ils sont sounds like "eel SON". **Who acts:** Ils, words, s, ils sont · **What happens:** mean, be, sound · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Être: to be» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ils, words, s, ils sont), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:french:028-etre-to-be.lesson:11 # text = Ils sont means "they are"; the s of ils is silent before a consonant, so ils sont sounds like "eel SON". # source = school lesson (ours) # course = french # lesson = 028-etre-to-be.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Ils ils X FW _ 3 nsubj _ _ 2 sont sont X FW _ 1 flat:foreign _ _ 3 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 " " PUNCT `` _ 6 punct _ _ 5 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 nsubj _ _ 6 are be VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 ccomp _ _ 7 " " PUNCT '' _ 6 punct _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=6:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:``:_ 8 ; ; PUNCT : _ 14 punct _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 s s NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ _ 11 of of ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 ils il NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 nmod _ _ 13 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 cop _ _ 14 silent silent ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj 15 before before ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 consonant consonant NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 19 so so ADV RB _ 22 advmod _ _ 20 ils il NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 compound _ _ 21 sont sont NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ _ 22 sounds sound VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 23 like like ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 24 " " PUNCT `` _ 26 punct _ _ 25 eel eel NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 compound _ _ 26 SON son NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ _ 27 " " PUNCT '' _ 26 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=22:punct 28 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **mean** | present | Ils | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **does** *in a quote* | present | words *= word* | | | | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **is** | present | the s of ils | | | | before a consonant | silent *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **sound** | present | ils sont | | | | | like eel SON | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:french:028-etre-to-be.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Être: to be, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/28-etre-to-be/10/) - next →: [Être: to be, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/28-etre-to-be/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/28-etre-to-be/)