--- title: a without an accent means "has": il a un chat (he has a cat); à with… — Accents: é, è, ê, ç and friends · tree and pragmatics description: a without an accent means "has": il a un chat (he has a cat); à with an accent means to, at or in: il va à Paris (he is going to Paris). Who acts: a, c. A sentence of the lesson «Accents: é, è, ê, ç and friends» of the french course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatic --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/3-accents-e-e-e-c-and-friends/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [French](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/) / [Accents: é, è, ê, ç and friends](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/3-accents-e-e-e-c-and-friends/) / 11 # Accents: é, è, ê, ç and friends, sentence 11 a without an accent means "has": il a un chat (he has a cat); à with an accent means to, at or in: il va à Paris (he is going to Paris). **Who acts:** a, c · **What happens:** mean, have, go · **To what, where:** il, cat, il va, Paris · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Accents: é, è, ê, ç and friends» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (a, c), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:french:003-accents-e-e-e-c-and-friends.lesson:11 # text = a without an accent means "has": il a un chat (he has a cat); à with an accent means to, at or in: il va à Paris (he is going to Paris). # source = school lesson (ours) # course = french # lesson = 003-accents-e-e-e-c-and-friends.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 nsubj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:det 2 without without ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 3 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 accent accent NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 nmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=5:nsubj 5 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 " " PUNCT `` _ 7 punct _ _ 7 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 ccomp _ _ 8 " " PUNCT '' _ 7 punct _ _ 9 : : PUNCT : _ 10 punct _ _ 10 il il PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 nmod:unmarked _ _ 11 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 12 un un NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 compound _ _ 13 chat chat NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obj _ _ 14 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 16 punct _ _ 15 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ _ 16 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=13:acl:relcl 17 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 cat cat NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obj _ _ 19 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 16 punct _ _ 20 ; ; PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 21 à à ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ _ 22 with with SCONJ IN _ 25 mark _ _ 23 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 accent accent NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=25:nsubj 25 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ _ 26 to to PART TO _ 33 mark _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 28 at at ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 29 or or CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=28:cc 30 in in ADP IN _ 28 conj _ _ 31 : : PUNCT : _ 28 punct _ _ 32 il il PROPN NNP Number=Sing 33 compound _ _ 33 va va PROPN NNP Number=Sing 25 obj _ _ 34 à à ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 35 Paris Paris PROPN NNP Number=Sing 33 parataxis _ _ 36 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 39 punct _ _ 37 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 39 nsubj _ _ 38 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 39 aux _ _ 39 going go VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 35 parataxis _ _ 40 to to ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 41 Paris Paris PROPN NNP Number=Sing 39 obl _ _ 42 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 39 punct _ _ 43 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **mean** | present | a | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **have** *in a quote* | present | | il | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chat=Patient | | 3 | **have** | present | c | a cat | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cat=Patient | | 4 | **mean** | present | a *not said here* | il va | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent va=Topic | | 5 | **go** | present · progressive | c | | | Paris | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to paris=Initial\_Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:french:003-accents-e-e-e-c-and-friends.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Accents: é, è, ê, ç and friends, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/3-accents-e-e-e-c-and-friends/10/) - next →: [Accents: é, è, ê, ç and friends, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/3-accents-e-e-e-c-and-friends/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/3-accents-e-e-e-c-and-friends/)