--- title: Another easy way is to put est-ce que, said "ess-kuh", at the front… — Questions and simple sentences · tree and pragmatics description: Another easy way is to put est-ce que, said "ess-kuh", at the front of a sentence: "Est-ce que tu aimes les chats ?" A sentence of the lesson «Questions and simple sentences» of the french course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/30-questions-and-simple-sentences/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [French](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/) / [Questions and simple sentences](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/30-questions-and-simple-sentences/) / 1 # Questions and simple sentences, sentence 1 Another easy way is to put est-ce que, said "ess-kuh", at the front of a sentence: "Est-ce que tu aimes les chats ?" **What happens:** be, put, say · **To what, where:** easy way, est ce que, front · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Questions and simple sentences» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:french:030-questions-and-simple-sentences.lesson:1 # text = Another easy way is to put est-ce que, said "ess-kuh", at the front of a sentence: "Est-ce que tu aimes les chats ?" # source = school lesson (ours) # course = french # lesson = 030-questions-and-simple-sentences.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×4 1 Another another DET DT PronType=Ind 3 det _ _ 2 easy easy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 4 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 cop _ _ 5 to to PART TO _ 6 mark _ _ 6 put put VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 acl _ _ 7 est est NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 compound _ _ 8 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 9 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=7:punct 9 ce ce NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 compound _ _ 10 que que NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obj _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=3:punct 12 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 13 " " PUNCT `` _ 16 punct _ _ 14 ess ess NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 compound _ _ 15 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 16 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=14:punct 16 kuh kuh NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 ccomp _ _ 17 " " PUNCT '' _ 16 punct _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 19 at at ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 front front NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obl _ _ 22 of of ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 sentence sentence NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nmod _ _ 25 : : PUNCT : _ 32 punct _ _ 26 " " PUNCT `` _ 30 punct _ _ 27 Est Est PROPN NNP Number=Sing 30 compound _ _ 28 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 29 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=27:punct 29 ce ce NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 compound _ _ 30 que que NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 compound _ _ 31 tu tu X FW Foreign=Yes 30 flat:foreign _ _ 32 aimes aime X FW Foreign=Yes 12 parataxis _ _ 33 les le X FW Foreign=Yes 32 flat:foreign _ _ 34 chats chat X FW Foreign=Yes 32 flat:foreign _ _ 35 ? ? PUNCT . _ 32 punct _ _ 36 " " PUNCT '' _ 32 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | | another easy way | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **put** | to-infinitive | | est ce que | | | | | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent que=Goal | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | | | | the front of a sentence | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:french:030-questions-and-simple-sentences.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×4. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Questions and simple sentences, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/30-questions-and-simple-sentences/0/) - next →: [Questions and simple sentences, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/30-questions-and-simple-sentences/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/30-questions-and-simple-sentences/)