--- title: In fact more French speakers live in Africa than in Europe, in big c… — France and the French-speaking world · tree and pragmatics description: In fact more French speakers live in Africa than in Europe, in big cities such as Kinshasa, Abidjan and Dakar, and many of them speak an African language at home as well. Who acts: more French speakers, many. A sentence of the lesson «France and the French-speaking world» of the french course of Mov --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/34-france-and-the-french-speaking-world/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [French](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/) / [France and the French-speaking world](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/34-france-and-the-french-speaking-world/) / 1 # France and the French-speaking world, sentence 1 In fact more French speakers live in Africa than in Europe, in big cities such as Kinshasa, Abidjan and Dakar, and many of them speak an African language at home as well. **Who acts:** more French speakers, many · **What happens:** live, speak · **To what, where:** fact, African language, home · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «France and the French-speaking world» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (more French speakers, many), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:french:034-france-and-the-french-speaking-world.lesson:1 # text = In fact more French speakers live in Africa than in Europe, in big cities such as Kinshasa, Abidjan and Dakar, and many of them speak an African language at home as well. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = french # lesson = 034-france-and-the-french-speaking-world.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2 1 In in ADP IN _ 2 case _ _ 2 fact fact NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ 3 more more ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 5 amod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:advmod 4 French French ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 5 speakers speaker NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ _ 6 live live VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 7 in in ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 Africa Africa PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ 9 than than ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 in in ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 Europe Europe PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 13 in in ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 amod _ _ 15 cities city NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obl _ _ 16 such such ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP 18 case _ _ 17 as as ADP IN _ 16 fixed _ _ 18 Kinshasa Kinshasa PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 nmod _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 20 Abidjan Abidjan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 conj _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 22 Dakar Dakar PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 conj _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 25 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 nsubj _ _ 26 of of ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nmod _ _ 28 speak speak VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ _ 29 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 30 African African ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 31 amod _ _ 31 language language NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obj _ _ 32 at at ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 home home NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=31:nmod 34 as as ADV RB ExtPos=ADV 28 advmod _ _ 35 well well ADV RB Degree=Pos 34 fixed _ _ 36 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **live** | present | more French speakers | | | fact | | in Africa; than Europe; in big cities such Kinshasa and Abidjan and Dakar | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in fact=Location | | 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | present | many of speakers | a African language | | home | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:french:034-france-and-the-french-speaking-world.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [France and the French-speaking world, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/34-france-and-the-french-speaking-world/0/) - next →: [France and the French-speaking world, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/34-france-and-the-french-speaking-world/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/34-france-and-the-french-speaking-world/)