--- title: Belgium has three official languages, French, Dutch and German; Fren… — France and the French-speaking world · tree and pragmatics description: Belgium has three official languages, French, Dutch and German; French-speaking Belgians say septante (70) and nonante (90), and Bruxelles is said "bru-SEL". Who acts: Belgium, speaking Belgians. A sentence of the lesson «France and the French-speaking world» of the french course of Mova's primary s --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/34-france-and-the-french-speaking-world/7/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [French](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/) / [France and the French-speaking world](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/34-france-and-the-french-speaking-world/) / 7 # France and the French-speaking world, sentence 7 Belgium has three official languages, French, Dutch and German; French-speaking Belgians say septante (70) and nonante (90), and Bruxelles is said "bru-SEL". **Who acts:** Belgium, speaking Belgians · **What happens:** have, speak, say · **To what, where:** three official languages, septante, Bruxelles · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «France and the French-speaking world» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Belgium, speaking Belgians), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:french:034-france-and-the-french-speaking-world.lesson:7 # text = Belgium has three official languages, French, Dutch and German; French-speaking Belgians say septante (70) and nonante (90), and Bruxelles is said "bru-SEL". # source = school lesson (ours) # course = french # lesson = 034-france-and-the-french-speaking-world.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2 1 Belgium Belgium PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 three three NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 5 nummod _ _ 4 official official ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 5 languages language NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 7 French French ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 9 Dutch dutch ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 conj _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 11 German German ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 conj _ _ 12 ; ; PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 13 French French ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 compound _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=16:amod 14 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 13 punct _ _ 15 speaking speak VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 16 amod _ _ 16 Belgians belgian PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 17 nsubj _ _ 17 say say VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 18 septante septante X FW Foreign=Yes 17 obj _ _ 19 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 20 punct _ _ 20 70 70 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 18 appos _ _ 21 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 20 punct _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 23 nonante nonante NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=18:conj|HaikuPos=NOUN:FW:Foreign=Yes 24 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 25 punct _ _ 25 90 90 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 23 appos _ _ 26 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 25 punct _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 29 Bruxelles Bruxelles PROPN NNP Number=Sing 31 nsubj:pass _ _ 30 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 31 aux:pass _ _ 31 said say VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 2 conj _ _ 32 " " PUNCT `` _ 31 punct _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=31:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:'':_ 33 bru bru PROPN NNP Number=Sing 35 compound _ _ 34 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 33 punct _ _ 35 SEL sel NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obl _ _ 36 " " PUNCT '' _ 35 punct _ _ 37 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed voice=narrator | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | present | Belgium | three official languages | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent language=Patient | | 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | gerund | | | | | | | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | speaking Belgians | septante and nonante | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent septante=Topic | | 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | present · passive | | Bruxelles | | | | bru SEL *obl* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:french:034-france-and-the-french-speaking-world.lesson:7`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [France and the French-speaking world, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/34-france-and-the-french-speaking-world/6/) - next →: [France and the French-speaking world, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/34-france-and-the-french-speaking-world/8/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/34-france-and-the-french-speaking-world/)