---
title: Un souvenir is a keepsake, but in French it also means any memory; s… — English words that came from French · tree and pragmatics
description: Un souvenir is a keepsake, but in French it also means any memory; se souvenir means to remember. Who acts: souvenir, se souvenir. A sentence of the lesson «English words that came from French» of the french course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# English words that came from French, sentence 13

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Un souvenir is a keepsake, but in French it also means any memory; se souvenir means to remember.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** souvenir, se souvenir · **What happens:** be, mean, remember · **To what, where:** keepsake, memory

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This is a sentence of the lesson «English words that came from French» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (souvenir, se souvenir), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:french:036-english-words-that-came-from-french.lesson:13
# text = Un souvenir is a keepsake, but in French it also means any memory; se souvenir means to remember.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = french
# lesson = 036-english-words-that-came-from-french.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1
1	Un	Un	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	souvenir	souvenir	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	keepsake	keepsake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
7	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	French	French	PROPN	NNP	_	12	obl	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=9:nsubj
11	also	also	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
13	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	14	det	_	_
14	memory	memory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
15	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	se	se	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	souvenir	souvenir	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
18	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	parataxis	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	remember	remember	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	xcomp	_	_
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | un souvenir | a keepsake |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | present | souvenir | any memory |  |  |  | in French | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot memory=Theme in french=Attribute |
| 3 | **mean** | present | se souvenir |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **remember** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | se souvenir *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:french:036-english-words-that-came-from-french.lesson:13`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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