--- title: Beef comes from bœuf, pork from porc, mutton from mouton and veal (c… — English words that came from French · tree and pragmatics description: Beef comes from bœuf, pork from porc, mutton from mouton and veal (calf meat) from veau: the farmers kept English names for the animals, and the rich French speakers named the meat. Who acts: Beef, farmers, rich French speakers. A sentence of the lesson «English words that came from French» of the f --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/36-english-words-that-came-from-french/7/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [French](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/) / [English words that came from French](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/36-english-words-that-came-from-french/) / 7 # English words that came from French, sentence 7 Beef comes from bœuf, pork from porc, mutton from mouton and veal (calf meat) from veau: the farmers kept English names for the animals, and the rich French speakers named the meat. **Who acts:** Beef, farmers, rich French speakers · **What happens:** come, keep, name · **To what, where:** bœuf, English names, meat This is a sentence of the lesson «English words that came from French» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Beef, farmers, rich French speakers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:french:036-english-words-that-came-from-french.lesson:7 # text = Beef comes from bœuf, pork from porc, mutton from mouton and veal (calf meat) from veau: the farmers kept English names for the animals, and the rich French speakers named the meat. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = french # lesson = 036-english-words-that-came-from-french.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×1 1 Beef beef NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 comes come VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 from from ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 bœuf bœuf NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 6 pork pork NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 conj _ _ 7 from from ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 porc porc NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nmod _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 10 mutton mutton NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 conj _ _ 11 from from ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 mouton mouton NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nmod _ _ 13 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 14 veal veal NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 conj _ _ 15 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 17 punct _ _ 16 calf calf NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 compound _ _ 17 meat meat NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 appos _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=10:conj 18 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 17 punct _ _ 19 from from ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 veau veau NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nmod _ _ 21 : : PUNCT : _ 24 punct _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 farmers farmer NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 nsubj _ _ 24 kept keep VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 25 English English ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod _ _ 26 names name NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 obj _ _ 27 for for ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 nmod _ _ 30 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=24:punct 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 32 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 33 rich rich ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 35 amod _ _ 34 French French ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 35 amod _ _ 35 speakers speaker NOUN NNS Number=Plur 36 nsubj _ _ 36 named name VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 24 conj _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 meat meat NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obj _ _ 39 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **come** | present | Beef | | | bœuf and pork from porc and mutton from mouton and veal from veau | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from bœuf=Initial\_Location | | 2 | **keep** | past | the farmers | English names | | | | for the animals | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Theme | | 3 | **name** | past | the rich French speakers | the meat | | | | | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent meat=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:french:036-english-words-that-came-from-french.lesson:7`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [English words that came from French, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/36-english-words-that-came-from-french/6/) - next →: [English words that came from French, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/36-english-words-that-came-from-french/8/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/36-english-words-that-came-from-french/)