---
title: Start with the words you know (famille, chat, trois, fromage), then… — Olympiad: decoding a short French text ★★★ · tree and pragmatics
description: Start with the words you know (famille, chat, trois, fromage), then the lookalikes that really are friends (perché, perched; sucre, sugar), and only then guess the rest from what makes sense in that place. Who acts: you, lookalikes. A sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: decoding a short French text ★★
---

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# Olympiad: decoding a short French text ★★★, sentence 1

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Start with the words you know (famille, chat, trois, fromage), then the lookalikes that really are friends (perché, perched; sucre, sugar), and only then guess the rest from what makes sense in that place.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, lookalikes · **What happens:** start, know, be, perch, guess, make · **To what, where:** lookalikes, famille, friends, rest, sense, place

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: decoding a short French text ★★★» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, lookalikes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:french:039-olympiad-decoding-a-short-french-text.lesson:1
# text = Start with the words you know (famille, chat, trois, fromage), then the lookalikes that really are friends (perché, perched; sucre, sugar), and only then guess the rest from what makes sense in that place.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = french
# lesson = 039-olympiad-decoding-a-short-french-text.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Start	start	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	with	with	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	know	know	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	8	punct	_	_
8	famille	famille	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	chat	chat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	trois	trois	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	fromage	fromage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
15	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	8	punct	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	19	advmod	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	lookalikes	lookalike	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
20	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	23	nsubj	_	_
21	really	really	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
22	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
23	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	acl:relcl	_	_
24	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	25	punct	_	_
25	perché	perché	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	conj	_	_
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
27	perched	perch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	23	acl:relcl	_	_
28	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
29	sucre	sucre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	conj	_	_
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
31	sugar	sugar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	appos	_	_
32	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	31	punct	_	_
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
35	only	only	ADV	RB	_	37	advmod	_	_
36	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	37	advmod	_	_
37	guess	guess	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
39	rest	rest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obj	_	_
40	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	42	mark	_	_
41	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	42	nsubj	_	_
42	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	37	advcl	_	_
43	sense	sense	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	obj	_	_
44	in	in	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
45	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	46	det	_	_
46	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	obl	_	_
47	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **start** | imperative | you *not said here* | the lookalikes |  |  |  | with the words | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V PP.subeventuality»: agent=Eventuality with word=Subeventuality |
| 2 | **know** | present | you | famille and chat and trois and fromage |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer famille=Stimulus |
| 3 | **is a** | present | the lookalikes | friends and perché |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **perch** | participle |  | friends and perché *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **guess** | infinitive | you *not said here* | the rest |  |  | then |  | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rest=Theme |
| 6 | **make** | present |  | sense |  | that place |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material sense=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:french:039-olympiad-decoding-a-short-french-text.lesson:1`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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