--- title: "Défense de marcher sur la pelouse" means "Keep off the grass": défe… — Olympiad: decoding a short French text ★★★ · tree and pragmatics description: "Défense de marcher sur la pelouse" means "Keep off the grass": défense de means it is forbidden to, marcher is to walk, la pelouse is the lawn. Who acts: Défense, marcher, la pelouse. A sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: decoding a short French text ★★★» of the french course of Mova's primary school --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/39-olympiad-decoding-a-short-french-text/10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [French](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/) / [Olympiad: decoding a short French text…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/39-olympiad-decoding-a-short-french-text/) / 10 # Olympiad: decoding a short French text ★★★, sentence 10 "Défense de marcher sur la pelouse" means "Keep off the grass": défense de means it is forbidden to, marcher is to walk, la pelouse is the lawn. **Who acts:** Défense, marcher, la pelouse · **What happens:** mean, keep off, be · **To what, where:** grass, lawn · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: decoding a short French text ★★★» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Défense, marcher, la pelouse), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:french:039-olympiad-decoding-a-short-french-text.lesson:10 # text = "Défense de marcher sur la pelouse" means "Keep off the grass": défense de means it is forbidden to, marcher is to walk, la pelouse is the lawn. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = french # lesson = 039-olympiad-decoding-a-short-french-text.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×4 1 " " PUNCT `` _ 2 punct _ _ 2 Défense Défense PROPN NNP Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 3 de de X FW Foreign=Yes 2 flat:foreign _ _ 4 marcher marcher NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 compound _ _ 5 sur sur NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 appos _ _ 6 la la X FW Foreign=Yes 9 advmod _ _ 7 pelouse pelouse X NN _ 6 goeswith _ _ 8 " " PUNCT '' _ 6 punct _ _ 9 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 10 " " PUNCT `` _ 11 punct _ _ 11 Keep keep VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 9 ccomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=9:obj 12 off off ADP RP _ 11 compound:prt _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=14:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 grass grass NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=11:obl 15 " " PUNCT '' _ 11 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=14:punct 16 : : PUNCT : _ 17 punct _ _ 17 défense défense NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 nsubj _ _ 18 de de X FW Foreign=Yes 17 nmod _ _ 19 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 parataxis _ _ 20 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ _ 21 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 aux:pass _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=22:cop 22 forbidden forbidden ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 ccomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=19:conj 23 to to PART TO _ 22 csubj _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 25 marcher marcher NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 nsubj _ _ 26 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 28 cop _ _ 27 to to PART TO _ 28 mark _ _ 28 walk walk VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 11 conj _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 30 la la X FW _ 31 compound _ _ 31 pelouse pelouse NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 nsubj _ _ 32 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 34 cop _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 lawn lawn NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obl _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 9 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **mean** | present | Défense | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **keep off** *in a quote* | infinitive | | the grass | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grass=Theme | | 3 | **mean** | present | défense de | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **is** | present | marcher | | | | | walk *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **is a** | present | la pelouse | the lawn | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:french:039-olympiad-decoding-a-short-french-text.lesson:10`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×4. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Olympiad: decoding a short French text…, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/39-olympiad-decoding-a-short-french-text/9/) - next →: [Olympiad: decoding a short French text…, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/39-olympiad-decoding-a-short-french-text/11/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/39-olympiad-decoding-a-short-french-text/)