---
title: La bise is a light greeting with cheeks touching and a kiss in the a… — Hello and goodbye: greetings · tree and pragmatics
description: La bise is a light greeting with cheeks touching and a kiss in the air; two is common in Paris, while some regions do one, three or even four. Who acts: bise, cheeks, two, regions. A sentence of the lesson «Hello and goodbye: greetings» of the french course of Mova's primary school with its dependen
---

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# Hello and goodbye: greetings, sentence 12

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
La bise is a light greeting with cheeks touching and a kiss in the air; two is common in Paris, while some regions do one, three or even four.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** bise, cheeks, two, regions · **What happens:** be, touch, do · **To what, where:** light greeting, Paris, one

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Hello and goodbye: greetings» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bise, cheeks, two, regions), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:french:004-hello-and-goodbye-greetings.lesson:12
# text = La bise is a light greeting with cheeks touching and a kiss in the air; two is common in Paris, while some regions do one, three or even four.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = french
# lesson = 004-hello-and-goodbye-greetings.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1
1	La	la	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bise	bise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	amod	_	_
6	greeting	greeting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	with	with	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	cheeks	cheek	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	touching	touch	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	kiss	kiss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	19	nsubj	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
19	common	common	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	parataxis	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	Paris	Paris	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
23	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
24	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	25	det	_	_
25	regions	region	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	nsubj	_	_
26	do	do	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	advcl	_	_
27	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	26	obj	_	_
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
29	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	27	conj	_	_
30	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
31	even	even	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	_
32	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	27	conj	_	Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=29:conj
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | la bise | a light greeting |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **touch** | gerund | cheeks |  |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | present | two |  |  | Paris |  | common *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **do** | present | some regions | one |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:french:004-hello-and-goodbye-greetings.lesson:12`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- next →: [Hello and goodbye: greetings, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/4-hello-and-goodbye-greetings/13/)
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