---
title: A satnav or phone finds its position by timing radio signals from at… — Maps and scale · tree and pragmatics
description: A satnav or phone finds its position by timing radio signals from at least four satellites in orbit. Who acts: satnav. A sentence of the lesson «Maps and scale» of the geography course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Maps and scale, sentence 16

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A satnav or phone finds its position by timing radio signals from at least four satellites in orbit.

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**Who acts:** satnav · **What happens:** find, time · **To what, where:** position, radio signals, four satellites

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Maps and scale» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (satnav), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:geography:001-maps-and-scale.lesson:16
# text = A satnav or phone finds its position by timing radio signals from at least four satellites in orbit.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = geography
# lesson = 001-maps-and-scale.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	satnav	satnav	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	phone	phone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	finds	find	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	position	position	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
9	timing	time	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
10	radio	radio	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	signals	signal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
12	from	from	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
13	at	at	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	least	least	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	15	nmod	_	_
15	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	16	nummod	_	_
16	satellites	satellite	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	orbit	orbit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | present | a satnav or phone | phone's position |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent position=Topic |
| 2 | **time** | gerund | a satnav or phone *not said here* | radio signals |  | four satellites in orbit |  |  | vn register-54.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent signal=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:001-maps-and-scale.lesson:16`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Maps and scale, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/1-maps-and-scale/15/)
- next →: [Maps and scale, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/1-maps-and-scale/17/)
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