---
title: In the Mabo decision of 1992, Australia's High Court ruled that the… — Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland and the… · tree and pragmatics
description: In the Mabo decision of 1992, Australia's High Court ruled that the land had not belonged to no one when the British came, and that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples could hold native title to it. Who acts: High Court, land, British, Aboriginal peoples. A sentence of the lesson «Canada, 
---

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# Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland and the rest of the English-speaking world, sentence 18

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In the Mabo decision of 1992, Australia's High Court ruled that the land had not belonged to no one when the British came, and that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples could hold native title to it.

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**Who acts:** High Court, land, British, Aboriginal peoples · **What happens:** rule, not belong, come, hold · **To what, where:** Mabo decision, one, native title, land

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland and the rest of the English-speaking world» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (High Court, land, British, Aboriginal peoples), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:geography:010-canada-australia-new-zealand-ireland-and-the-english-speaking-world.lesson:18
# text = In the Mabo decision of 1992, Australia's High Court ruled that the land had not belonged to no one when the British came, and that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples could hold native title to it.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = geography
# lesson = 010-canada-australia-new-zealand-ireland-and-the-english-speaking-world.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	Mabo	Mabo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	decision	decision	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	1992	1992	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nmod	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
8	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod:poss	_	_
9	's	's	PART	POS	_	8	case	_	_
10	High	High	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	Court	Court	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	ruled	rule	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
16	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
17	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	18	advmod	_	_
18	belonged	belong	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	12	ccomp	_	_
19	to	to	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	21	det	_	_
21	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
22	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	25	mark	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	British	British	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	25	nsubj	_	_
25	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	advcl	_	_
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
28	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	36	mark	_	_
29	Aboriginal	aboriginal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=34:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
31	Torres	Torres	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	compound	_	_
32	Strait	Strait	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	compound	_	_
33	Islander	islander	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	conj	_	_
34	peoples	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	nsubj	_	_
35	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	36	aux	_	_
36	hold	hold	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	conj	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=12:conj
37	native	native	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	38	amod	_	_
38	title	title	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	obj	_	_
39	to	to	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
40	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	36	obl	_	_
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rule** | past | Australia's High Court |  |  | the Mabo decision of 1992 |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **belong** | past · perfect | the land |  | no one |  |  |  | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **come** | past | the British |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **hold** | could | Aboriginal peoples | native title | land |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent title=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:010-canada-australia-new-zealand-ireland-and-the-english-speaking-world.lesson:18`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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