--- title: Canada has two official languages, English and French, and most peop… — Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland and the… · tree and pragmatics description: Canada has two official languages, English and French, and most people in Quebec speak French because it began as New France, founded with Quebec City in 1608. Who acts: Canada, most people, land. A sentence of the lesson «Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland and the rest of the English-speaking --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/10-canada-australia-new-zealand-ireland-and-the-english-speaking-world/6/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/) / [Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Irelan…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/10-canada-australia-new-zealand-ireland-and-the-english-speaking-world/) / 6 # Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland and the rest of the English-speaking world, sentence 6 Canada has two official languages, English and French, and most people in Quebec speak French because it began as New France, founded with Quebec City in 1608. **Who acts:** Canada, most people, land · **What happens:** have, speak, begin, found · **To what, where:** two official languages, French, New France, 1608 · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland and the rest of the English-speaking world» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Canada, most people, land), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:geography:010-canada-australia-new-zealand-ireland-and-the-english-speaking-world.lesson:6 # text = Canada has two official languages, English and French, and most people in Quebec speak French because it began as New France, founded with Quebec City in 1608. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = geography # lesson = 010-canada-australia-new-zealand-ireland-and-the-english-speaking-world.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1 1 Canada Canada PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 5 nummod _ _ 4 official official ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 5 languages language NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 7 English English PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 appos _ _ 8 and and CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ _ 9 French French PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 conj _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=13:punct 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 12 most most ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 13 amod _ _ 13 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 nsubj _ _ 14 in in ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 15 Quebec Quebec PROPN NNP Number=Sing 13 nmod _ _ 16 speak speak VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 17 French French PROPN NNP Number=Sing 16 obj _ _ 18 because because SCONJ IN _ 20 mark _ _ 19 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nsubj _ _ 20 began begin VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 16 advcl _ _ 21 as as ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 22 New New ADJ NNP Degree=Pos 23 amod _ _ 23 France France PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 obl _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 25 founded found VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 23 acl _ _ 26 with with ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 27 Quebec Quebec PROPN NNP Number=Sing 28 compound _ _ 28 City City PROPN NNP Number=Sing 25 obl _ _ 29 in in ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 1608 1608 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 25 obl _ _ 31 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | present | Canada | two official languages | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent language=Patient | | 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | present | most people in Quebec | French | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **begin** | past | land | | | | | as New France | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | | 4 | **found** | participle | | New France *not said here* | | 1608 | | with Quebec City | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with city=Instrument | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:010-canada-australia-new-zealand-ireland-and-the-english-speaking-world.lesson:6`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Irelan…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/10-canada-australia-new-zealand-ireland-and-the-english-speaking-world/5/) - next →: [Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Irelan…, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/10-canada-australia-new-zealand-ireland-and-the-english-speaking-world/7/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/10-canada-australia-new-zealand-ireland-and-the-english-speaking-world/)