--- title: Iran, long called Persia in Europe, has had several capitals over th… — The Middle East and Central Asia · tree and pragmatics description: Iran, long called Persia in Europe, has had several capitals over the centuries, such as Tabriz and Isfahan, and today its capital is Tehran, a city of about 9 million people at the foot of the Alborz Mountains. Who acts: Iran. A sentence of the lesson «The Middle East and Central Asia» of the geogr --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/12-middle-east-and-central-asia/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/) / [The Middle East and Central Asia](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/12-middle-east-and-central-asia/) / 11 # The Middle East and Central Asia, sentence 11 Iran, long called Persia in Europe, has had several capitals over the centuries, such as Tabriz and Isfahan, and today its capital is Tehran, a city of about 9 million people at the foot of the Alborz Mountains. **Who acts:** Iran · **What happens:** call, have, be · **To what, where:** Iran, Europe, several capitals, Tehran · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «The Middle East and Central Asia» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iran), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:geography:012-middle-east-and-central-asia.lesson:11 # text = Iran, long called Persia in Europe, has had several capitals over the centuries, such as Tabriz and Isfahan, and today its capital is Tehran, a city of about 9 million people at the foot of the Alborz Mountains. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = geography # lesson = 012-middle-east-and-central-asia.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2 1 Iran Iran PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ _ 2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct _ _ 3 long long ADV RB Degree=Pos 4 advmod _ _ 4 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 1 acl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=10:acl 5 Persia Persia PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 xcomp _ _ 6 in in ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 Europe Europe PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 9 has have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 aux _ _ 10 had have VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 11 several several ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 capitals capital NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 obj _ _ 13 over over ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 centuries century NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=12:nmod 16 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 17 such such ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP 19 case _ _ 18 as as ADP IN _ 17 fixed _ _ 19 Tabriz Tabriz PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 nmod _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 21 Isfahan Isfahan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 19 conj _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 24 today today NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obl:unmarked _ _ 25 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 26 nmod:poss _ _ 26 capital capital NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 nmod _ _ 27 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 28 cop _ _ 28 Tehran Tehran PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 conj _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 30 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 city city NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 appos _ _ 32 of of ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 33 about about ADV RB _ 35 advmod _ _ 34 9 9 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 35 compound _ _ 35 million million NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 36 nummod _ _ 36 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 nmod _ _ 37 at at ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 38 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 39 foot foot NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 nmod _ _ 40 of of ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 41 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 43 det _ _ 42 Alborz Alborz PROPN NNP Number=Sing 43 compound _ _ 43 Mountains Mountain PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 39 nmod _ _ 44 . . PUNCT . _ 10 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **call** | participle | | Iran *not said here* | | Europe | | long *property* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **have** | present · perfect | Iran | several capitals | | | century | such Tabriz and Isfahan | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent capital=Patient | | 3 | **is a** | present | Iran *not said here* | Tehran | | | today | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:012-middle-east-and-central-asia.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The Middle East and Central Asia, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/12-middle-east-and-central-asia/10/) - next →: [The Middle East and Central Asia, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/12-middle-east-and-central-asia/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/12-middle-east-and-central-asia/)