---
title: Today's countries are much younger than those states. — The Middle East and Central Asia · tree and pragmatics
description: Today's countries are much younger than those states. Who acts: countries. A sentence of the lesson «The Middle East and Central Asia» of the geography course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Middle East and Central Asia, sentence 6

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Today's countries are much younger than those states.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** countries · **What happens:** be

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This is a sentence of the lesson «The Middle East and Central Asia» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (countries), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:geography:012-middle-east-and-central-asia.lesson:6
# text = Today's countries are much younger than those states.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = geography
# lesson = 012-middle-east-and-central-asia.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Today	today	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	much	much	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	younger	young	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
7	than	than	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	those	that	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	9	det	_	_
9	states	state	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Today's countries |  |  |  |  | than that states; young *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:012-middle-east-and-central-asia.lesson:6`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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