--- title: Polar bears live only in the Arctic and wild penguins only in the so… — The Arctic and Antarctica · tree and pragmatics description: Polar bears live only in the Arctic and wild penguins only in the southern half of the world, so a cartoon of a polar bear chasing penguins could never happen in nature. Who acts: Polar bears, polar bear, cartoon. A sentence of the lesson «The Arctic and Antarctica» of the geography course of Mova's --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/15-the-arctic-and-antarctica/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/) / [The Arctic and Antarctica](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/15-the-arctic-and-antarctica/) / 1 # The Arctic and Antarctica, sentence 1 Polar bears live only in the Arctic and wild penguins only in the southern half of the world, so a cartoon of a polar bear chasing penguins could never happen in nature. **Who acts:** Polar bears, polar bear, cartoon · **What happens:** live, chase, not happen, cartoon · **To what, where:** Arctic, penguins, nature, polar bear This is a sentence of the lesson «The Arctic and Antarctica» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Polar bears, polar bear, cartoon), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:geography:015-the-arctic-and-antarctica.lesson:1 # text = Polar bears live only in the Arctic and wild penguins only in the southern half of the world, so a cartoon of a polar bear chasing penguins could never happen in nature. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = geography # lesson = 015-the-arctic-and-antarctica.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Polar polar ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 bears bear NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 live live VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 only only ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 5 in in ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 Arctic Arctic PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 8 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 9 wild wild ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 penguins penguin NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 nsubj _ _ 11 only only ADV RB _ 15 advmod _ _ 12 in in ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 14 southern southern ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 amod _ _ 15 half half NOUN NN Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac 7 conj _ _ 16 of of ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 world world NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nmod _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 20 so so ADV RB _ 31 advmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=31:cc|HaikuPos=CCONJ:CC:_ 21 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 cartoon cartoon NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 nsubj _ _ 23 of of ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 24 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 25 polar polar ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod _ _ 26 bear bear NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nmod _ _ 27 chasing chase VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 26 acl _ _ 28 penguins penguin NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 obj _ _ 29 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 31 aux _ _ 30 never never ADV RB PronType=Neg 31 advmod _ _ 31 happen happen VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 conj _ _ 32 in in ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 nature nature NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obl _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **live** | present | Polar bears | | | the Arctic and the southern half of the world | | | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in arctic=Location | | 2 | **chase** | gerund | a polar bear *not said here* | penguins | | | | | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent penguin=Theme | | 3 | **not** **happen** | could | a cartoon of a polar bear | | | nature | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in nature=Location | | 4 | **cartoon** | | | a polar bear | | | | | nom cartoon «communication transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:015-the-arctic-and-antarctica.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The Arctic and Antarctica, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/15-the-arctic-and-antarctica/0/) - next →: [The Arctic and Antarctica, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/15-the-arctic-and-antarctica/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/15-the-arctic-and-antarctica/)