--- title: Antarctica is the coldest, windiest, driest and highest continent on… — The Arctic and Antarctica · tree and pragmatics description: Antarctica is the coldest, windiest, driest and highest continent on average (so little snow or rain falls that it counts as a desert), and the Soviet station Vostok recorded the lowest measured air temperature, about minus 89 degrees Celsius, in 1983. Who acts: Antarctica, little snow, average, Sov --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/15-the-arctic-and-antarctica/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/) / [The Arctic and Antarctica](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/15-the-arctic-and-antarctica/) / 9 # The Arctic and Antarctica, sentence 9 Antarctica is the coldest, windiest, driest and highest continent on average (so little snow or rain falls that it counts as a desert), and the Soviet station Vostok recorded the lowest measured air temperature, about minus 89 degrees Celsius, in 1983. **Who acts:** Antarctica, little snow, average, Soviet station · **What happens:** be, fall, count, record, measure · **To what, where:** coldest continent, average, lowest measured air temperature, 1983 This is a sentence of the lesson «The Arctic and Antarctica» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Antarctica, little snow, average, Soviet station), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:geography:015-the-arctic-and-antarctica.lesson:9 # text = Antarctica is the coldest, windiest, driest and highest continent on average (so little snow or rain falls that it counts as a desert), and the Soviet station Vostok recorded the lowest measured air temperature, about minus 89 degrees Celsius, in 1983. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = geography # lesson = 015-the-arctic-and-antarctica.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2 1 Antarctica Antarctica PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ _ 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 cop _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 4 coldest cold ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 11 amod _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 6 windiest windy ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 4 conj _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 8 driest dry ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 4 conj _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 10 highest high ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 4 conj _ _ 11 continent continent NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 12 on on ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 13 average average NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nmod _ _ 14 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 20 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=17:punct 15 so so ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ _ 16 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod _ _ 17 snow snow NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 nsubj _ _ 18 or or CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 19 rain rain NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 conj _ _ 20 falls fall VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 parataxis _ _ 21 that that SCONJ IN _ 23 mark _ _ 22 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nsubj _ _ 23 counts count VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 ccomp _ _ 24 as as ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 25 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 desert desert NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obl _ _ 27 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 20 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=23:punct 28 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 31 Soviet Soviet PROPN NNP Number=Sing 32 compound _ _ 32 station station NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 nsubj _ _ 33 Vostok Vostok PROPN NNP Number=Sing 32 appos _ _ 34 recorded record VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 11 conj _ _ 35 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 36 lowest low ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 39 amod _ _ 37 measured measure VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 39 amod _ _ 38 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 compound _ _ 39 temperature temperature NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 obj _ _ 40 , , PUNCT , _ 44 punct _ _ 41 about about ADV RB _ 44 advmod _ _ 42 minus minus ADV RB _ 43 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=44:advmod 43 89 89 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 44 nummod _ _ 44 degrees degree NOUN NNS Number=Plur 39 appos _ _ 45 Celsius Celsius PROPN NNP Number=Sing 44 nmod:unmarked _ _ 46 , , PUNCT , _ 48 punct _ _ 47 in in ADP IN _ 48 case _ _ 48 1983 1983 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 34 obl _ _ 49 . . PUNCT . _ 11 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | Antarctica | the coldest continent | | average | | | tree rules | | 2 | **fall** | present | little snow or rain | | | | | | vn long-32.2 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | | 3 | **count** | present | average | | | | | as a desert | vn masquerade-29.6 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as desert=Attribute | | 4 | **record** | past | the Soviet station | the lowest measured air temperature | | 1983 | | | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent temperature=Theme in 1983=Destination | | 5 | **measure** | participle | | | | | | | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:015-the-arctic-and-antarctica.lesson:9`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The Arctic and Antarctica, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/15-the-arctic-and-antarctica/8/) - next →: [The Arctic and Antarctica, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/15-the-arctic-and-antarctica/10/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/15-the-arctic-and-antarctica/)