--- title: Magellan found the Strait of Magellan near the tip of South America… — Straits: Bosporus, Gibraltar, Malacca, Hormuz an… · tree and pragmatics description: Magellan found the Strait of Magellan near the tip of South America in 1520, while the wide Drake Passage, about 800 km across between Cape Horn and Antarctica, is one of the roughest seas on Earth, because strong winds and currents race round the world there with no land to stop them. Who acts: Mag --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/19-straits-the-narrow-doors/18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/) / [Straits: Bosporus, Gibraltar, Malacca,…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/19-straits-the-narrow-doors/) / 18 # Straits: Bosporus, Gibraltar, Malacca, Hormuz and the other narrow doors, sentence 18 Magellan found the Strait of Magellan near the tip of South America in 1520, while the wide Drake Passage, about 800 km across between Cape Horn and Antarctica, is one of the roughest seas on Earth, because strong winds and currents race round the world there with no land to stop them. **Who acts:** Magellan, strong winds · **What happens:** find, be, race, stop · **To what, where:** Strait, tip, one, world, winds This is a sentence of the lesson «Straits: Bosporus, Gibraltar, Malacca, Hormuz and the other narrow doors» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Magellan, strong winds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:geography:019-straits-the-narrow-doors.lesson:18 # text = Magellan found the Strait of Magellan near the tip of South America in 1520, while the wide Drake Passage, about 800 km across between Cape Horn and Antarctica, is one of the roughest seas on Earth, because strong winds and currents race round the world there with no land to stop them. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = geography # lesson = 019-straits-the-narrow-doors.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×3 1 Magellan Magellan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 found find VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 Strait Strait PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 Magellan Magellan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nmod _ _ 7 near near ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 tip tip NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 10 of of ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 South South PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 compound _ _ 12 America America PROPN NNP Number=Sing 9 nmod _ _ 13 in in ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 1520 1520 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 2 obl _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 16 while while SCONJ IN _ 20 mark _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 18 wide wide ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 amod _ _ 19 Drake drake PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 compound _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=20:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 20 Passage passage NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 advcl _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 22 about about ADV RB _ 23 advmod _ _ 23 800 800 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 24 nummod _ _ 24 km km NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 conj _ _ 25 across across ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 26 between between ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 27 Cape Cape PROPN NNP Number=Sing 28 compound _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=28:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 28 Horn horn NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 nmod _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 30 Antarctica Antarctica PROPN NNP Number=Sing 28 conj _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 32 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 33 cop _ _ 33 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 20 conj _ _ 34 of of ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 35 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 36 roughest rough ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 37 amod _ _ 37 seas sea NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 nmod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=33:nmod|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 38 on on ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 39 Earth Earth PROPN NNP Number=Sing 37 nmod _ _ 40 , , PUNCT , _ 46 punct _ _ 41 because because SCONJ IN _ 46 mark _ _ 42 strong strong ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 43 amod _ _ 43 winds wind NOUN NNS Number=Plur 46 nsubj _ _ 44 and and CCONJ CC _ 45 cc _ _ 45 currents current NOUN NNS Number=Plur 43 conj _ _ 46 race race VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 33 advcl _ _ 47 round round ADP IN _ 49 case _ _ 48 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 49 det _ _ 49 world world NOUN NN Number=Sing 46 obl _ _ 50 there there ADV RB PronType=Dem 46 advmod _ _ 51 with with ADP IN _ 53 case _ _ 52 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 53 det _ _ 53 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 46 obl _ _ 54 to to PART TO _ 55 mark _ _ 55 stop stop VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 53 acl _ _ 56 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 55 obj _ _ 57 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **find** | past | Magellan | the Strait of Magellan | | the tip of South America | | in 1520 | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent strait=Topic | | 2 | **is a** | present | Magellan *not said here* | one | | | | of the roughest seas on Earth | tree rules | | 3 | **race** | present | strong winds and currents | | | the world; there | | with no land | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme round world=Trajectory | | 4 | **stop** | to-infinitive | strong winds and currents *not said here* | winds *= wind* | | | | | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality they=Eventuality | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:019-straits-the-narrow-doors.lesson:18`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Straits: Bosporus, Gibraltar, Malacca,…, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/19-straits-the-narrow-doors/17/) - next →: [Canals: Suez, Panama and the shortcuts, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/20-canals-suez-panama-and-the-shortcuts/0/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/19-straits-the-narrow-doors/)