---
title: Lines of longitude, called meridians, run from pole to pole and all… — Directions, latitude and longitude · tree and pragmatics
description: Lines of longitude, called meridians, run from pole to pole and all meet at the poles, so one degree of longitude is about 111 km wide at the equator but shrinks to nothing at the poles; at London it is only about 69 km. Who acts: Lines, all, one degree, longitude. A sentence of the lesson «Directio
---

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# Directions, latitude and longitude, sentence 10

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lines of longitude, called meridians, run from pole to pole and all meet at the poles, so one degree of longitude is about 111 km wide at the equator but shrinks to nothing at the poles; at London it is only about 69 km.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Lines, all, one degree, longitude · **What happens:** call, run, meet, be, shrink · **To what, where:** meridians, pole, poles, 111 km, equator, 69 km · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Directions, latitude and longitude» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lines, all, one degree, longitude), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:geography:002-directions-latitude-and-longitude.lesson:10
# text = Lines of longitude, called meridians, run from pole to pole and all meet at the poles, so one degree of longitude is about 111 km wide at the equator but shrinks to nothing at the poles; at London it is only about 69 km.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = geography
# lesson = 002-directions-latitude-and-longitude.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Lines	line	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	longitude	longitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
6	meridians	meridian	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	run	run	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	acl:relcl	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	pole	pole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	pole	pole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	all	all	PRON	DT	PronType=Tot	15	nsubj	_	_
15	meet	meet	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
16	at	at	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	poles	pole	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
20	so	so	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
21	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	22	nummod	_	_
22	degree	degree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	longitude	longitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	_
25	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	28	cop	_	_
26	about	about	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
27	111	111	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	28	nummod	_	_
28	km	km	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
29	wide	wide	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	_
30	at	at	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	equator	equator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	_
33	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
34	shrinks	shrink	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	28	conj	_	_
35	to	to	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	34	obl	_	_
37	at	at	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
39	poles	pole	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	nmod	_	_
40	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	48	punct	_	_
41	at	at	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
42	London	London	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	48	obl	_	_
43	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	48	nsubj	_	_
44	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	48	cop	_	_
45	only	only	ADV	RB	_	47	advmod	_	_
46	about	about	ADV	RB	_	47	advmod	_	_
47	69	69	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	48	nummod	_	_
48	km	km	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	conj	_	_
49	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | participle |  | meridians *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **run** | present | Lines of longitude and meridians and 111 km and 69 km *not said here* |  |  | pole to pole |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from pole=Trajectory |
| 3 | **meet** | present | all |  |  | the poles |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is a** | present | one degree of longitude | 111 km and 69 km |  | the equator |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **shrink** | present | one degree of longitude *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to nothing *result* | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent to nothing=Result |
| 6 | **is a** | present | longitude | 69 km |  | London |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:002-directions-latitude-and-longitude.lesson:10`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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