--- title: Britain's Bridgewater Canal, opened in 1761, carried coal to Manches… — Canals: Suez, Panama and the shortcuts · tree and pragmatics description: Britain's Bridgewater Canal, opened in 1761, carried coal to Manchester (a horse on the bank could pull a boat holding far more coal than a cart on a road) and began a canal age that spread thousands of kilometres of canals across England. Who acts: Bridgewater Canal, horse, boat, canal age. A sente --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/20-canals-suez-panama-and-the-shortcuts/18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/) / [Canals: Suez, Panama and the shortcuts](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/20-canals-suez-panama-and-the-shortcuts/) / 18 # Canals: Suez, Panama and the shortcuts, sentence 18 Britain's Bridgewater Canal, opened in 1761, carried coal to Manchester (a horse on the bank could pull a boat holding far more coal than a cart on a road) and began a canal age that spread thousands of kilometres of canals across England. **Who acts:** Bridgewater Canal, horse, boat, canal age · **What happens:** open, carry, pull, hold, begin, spread · **To what, where:** 1761, coal, Manchester, boat, more coal, canal age This is a sentence of the lesson «Canals: Suez, Panama and the shortcuts» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bridgewater Canal, horse, boat, canal age), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:geography:020-canals-suez-panama-and-the-shortcuts.lesson:18 # text = Britain's Bridgewater Canal, opened in 1761, carried coal to Manchester (a horse on the bank could pull a boat holding far more coal than a cart on a road) and began a canal age that spread thousands of kilometres of canals across England. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = geography # lesson = 020-canals-suez-panama-and-the-shortcuts.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×2 1 Britain Britain PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nmod:poss _ _ 2 's 's PART POS _ 1 case _ _ 3 Bridgewater Bridgewater PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 compound _ _ 4 Canal Canal PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 6 opened open VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 7 in in ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 1761 1761 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 6 obl _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=6:punct 10 carried carry VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ _ 11 coal coal NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obj _ _ 12 to to ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 13 Manchester Manchester PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 obl _ _ 14 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 21 punct _ _ 15 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 horse horse NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nsubj _ _ 17 on on ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 bank bank NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nmod _ _ 20 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 21 aux _ _ 21 pull pull VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 13 parataxis _ _ 22 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 boat boat NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obj _ _ 24 holding hold VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 23 acl _ _ 25 far far ADV RB Degree=Pos 26 advmod _ _ 26 more more ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 27 amod _ _ 27 coal coal NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obj _ _ 28 than than ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 29 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 cart cart NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obl _ _ 31 on on ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 32 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 33 road road NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 nmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=24:obl 34 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 21 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=13:punct 35 and and CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 36 began begin VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:conj 37 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 38 canal canal NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 compound _ _ 39 age age NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obj _ _ 40 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 41 nsubj _ _ 41 spread spread VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 39 acl:relcl _ _ 42 thousands thousand NOUN NNS Number=Plur 41 obj _ _ 43 of of ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 44 kilometres kilometre NOUN NNS Number=Plur 42 nmod _ _ 45 of of ADP IN _ 46 case _ _ 46 canals canal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 44 nmod _ _ 47 across across ADP IN _ 48 case _ _ 48 England England PROPN NNP Number=Sing 41 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=46:nmod 49 . . PUNCT . _ 10 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=6:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **open** | past | Britain's Bridgewater Canal | | | 1761 | | | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent in 1761=Location | | 2 | **carry** | past | Britain's Bridgewater Canal *not said here* | coal | Manchester | | | | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent coal=Theme to manchester=Destination | | 3 | **pull** | could | a horse on the bank | a boat | | | | | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent boat=Theme | | 4 | **hold** | gerund | a boat *not said here* | more coal | | | | than a cart on a road | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coal=Theme | | 5 | **begin** | past | Britain's Bridgewater Canal *not said here* | a canal age | | | | | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent age=Eventuality | | 6 | **spread** | past | a canal age | thousands of kilometres of canals | | England | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location thousand=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:020-canals-suez-panama-and-the-shortcuts.lesson:18`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Canals: Suez, Panama and the shortcuts, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/20-canals-suez-panama-and-the-shortcuts/17/) - next →: [Canals: Suez, Panama and the shortcuts, 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/20-canals-suez-panama-and-the-shortcuts/19/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/20-canals-suez-panama-and-the-shortcuts/)