--- title: Tropical rainforests grow mostly close to the equator, in the Amazon… — Climate zones and why they are where they are · tree and pragmatics description: Tropical rainforests grow mostly close to the equator, in the Amazon, the Congo basin and South-East Asia, where strong sun heats moist air, which rises, cools and drops heavy rain nearly every day. Who acts: Tropical rainforests, strong sun, moist air. A sentence of the lesson «Climate zones and wh --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/21-climate-zones-and-why-they-are-where-they-are/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/) / [Climate zones and why they are where t…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/21-climate-zones-and-why-they-are-where-they-are/) / 11 # Climate zones and why they are where they are, sentence 11 Tropical rainforests grow mostly close to the equator, in the Amazon, the Congo basin and South-East Asia, where strong sun heats moist air, which rises, cools and drops heavy rain nearly every day. **Who acts:** Tropical rainforests, strong sun, moist air · **What happens:** grow, heat, rise, cool, drop · **To what, where:** Amazon, moist air, heavy rain This is a sentence of the lesson «Climate zones and why they are where they are» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tropical rainforests, strong sun, moist air), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:geography:021-climate-zones-and-why-they-are-where-they-are.lesson:11 # text = Tropical rainforests grow mostly close to the equator, in the Amazon, the Congo basin and South-East Asia, where strong sun heats moist air, which rises, cools and drops heavy rain nearly every day. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = geography # lesson = 021-climate-zones-and-why-they-are-where-they-are.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Tropical tropical ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 rainforests rainforest NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 grow grow VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 mostly mostly ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 5 close close ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 6 to to ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 equator equator NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 10 in in ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 Amazon amazon NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 15 Congo Congo PROPN NNP Number=Sing 16 compound _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=16:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 16 basin basin NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=12:appos 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 18 South South PROPN NNP Number=Sing 16 conj _ _ 19 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 20 punct _ _ 20 East East PROPN NNP Number=Sing 16 appos _ _ 21 Asia Asia PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 flat _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 23 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 26 advmod _ _ 24 strong strong ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 amod _ _ 25 sun sun NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 nsubj _ _ 26 heats heat VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 acl:relcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=20:acl:relcl 27 moist moist ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 amod _ _ 28 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obj _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 30 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 31 nsubj _ _ 31 rises rise VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 28 acl:relcl _ _ 32 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 33 cools cool VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 31 conj _ _ 34 and and CCONJ CC _ 35 cc _ _ 35 drops drop VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 31 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=33:conj 36 heavy heavy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 37 amod _ _ 37 rain rain NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 obj _ _ 38 nearly nearly ADV RB _ 40 advmod _ _ 39 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 40 det _ _ 40 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 obl:unmarked _ _ 41 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **grow** | present | Tropical rainforests | | | the Amazon and the Congo basin and South | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in amazon=Location | | 2 | **heat** | present | strong sun | moist air | | | | | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent air=Patient | | 3 | **rise** | present | moist air | | | | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **cool** | present | moist air *not said here* | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 5 | **drop** | present | moist air *not said here* | heavy rain | | | day | | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rain=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:021-climate-zones-and-why-they-are-where-they-are.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Climate zones and why they are where t…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/21-climate-zones-and-why-they-are-where-they-are/10/) - next →: [Climate zones and why they are where t…, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/21-climate-zones-and-why-they-are-where-they-are/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/21-climate-zones-and-why-they-are-where-they-are/)