--- title: Languages that grew from the same ancestor form a family, and Englis… — Languages and peoples on the map · tree and pragmatics description: Languages that grew from the same ancestor form a family, and English, Hindi, Russian, Spanish and Persian all belong to the Indo-European family, while Mandarin Chinese belongs to a different family. Who acts: Languages, English, Mandarin. A sentence of the lesson «Languages and peoples on the map» --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/25-languages-and-peoples-on-the-map/10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/) / [Languages and peoples on the map](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/25-languages-and-peoples-on-the-map/) / 10 # Languages and peoples on the map, sentence 10 Languages that grew from the same ancestor form a family, and English, Hindi, Russian, Spanish and Persian all belong to the Indo-European family, while Mandarin Chinese belongs to a different family. **Who acts:** Languages, English, Mandarin · **What happens:** grow, form, belong · **To what, where:** family This is a sentence of the lesson «Languages and peoples on the map» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Languages, English, Mandarin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:geography:025-languages-and-peoples-on-the-map.lesson:10 # text = Languages that grew from the same ancestor form a family, and English, Hindi, Russian, Spanish and Persian all belong to the Indo-European family, while Mandarin Chinese belongs to a different family. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = geography # lesson = 025-languages-and-peoples-on-the-map.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1 1 Languages language NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nsubj _ _ 2 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 3 nsubj _ _ 3 grew grow VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 1 acl:relcl _ _ 4 from from ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 6 same same ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 7 ancestor ancestor NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 8 form form VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 9 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 family family NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obj _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=13:punct 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 13 English English PROPN NNP Number=Sing 23 nsubj _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 15 Hindi Hindi PROPN NNP Number=Sing 13 conj _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 17 Russian Russian ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 conj _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 19 Spanish Spanish ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 conj _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 21 Persian persian ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 conj _ _ 22 all all ADV RB _ 23 advmod _ _ 23 belong belong VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 conj _ _ 24 to to ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 26 Indo Indo X AFX _ 28 compound _ _ 27 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 26 punct _ _ 28 European European ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 amod _ _ 29 family family NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obl _ _ 30 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 31 while while SCONJ IN _ 34 mark _ _ 32 Mandarin Mandarin PROPN NNP Number=Sing 34 nsubj _ _ 33 Chinese Chinese PROPN NNP Number=Sing 32 flat _ _ 34 belongs belong VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 23 advcl _ _ 35 to to ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 36 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 37 different different ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 38 amod _ _ 38 family family NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 obl _ _ 39 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **grow** | past | Languages | | | | | from the same ancestor | vn grow-26.2.1 «NP.product V PP.patient»: agent=Product from ancestor=Patient | | 2 | **form** | present | Languages | a family | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location family=Theme | | 3 | **belong** | present | English and Hindi | | | | | to the European family; all *property* | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **belong** | present | Mandarin | | | | | to a different family | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:025-languages-and-peoples-on-the-map.lesson:10`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Languages and peoples on the map, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/25-languages-and-peoples-on-the-map/9/) - next →: [Languages and peoples on the map, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/25-languages-and-peoples-on-the-map/11/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/25-languages-and-peoples-on-the-map/)