---
title: About 7,000 languages are spoken in the world today, but nearly half… — Languages and peoples on the map · tree and pragmatics
description: About 7,000 languages are spoken in the world today, but nearly half of them are endangered. Who acts: half. A sentence of the lesson «Languages and peoples on the map» of the geography course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Languages and peoples on the map, sentence 9

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
About 7,000 languages are spoken in the world today, but nearly half of them are endangered.

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**Who acts:** half · **What happens:** speak, be · **To what, where:** 7,000 languages, world · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Languages and peoples on the map» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (half), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:geography:025-languages-and-peoples-on-the-map.lesson:9
# text = About 7,000 languages are spoken in the world today, but nearly half of them are endangered.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = geography
# lesson = 025-languages-and-peoples-on-the-map.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	About	about	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	7,000	7,000	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	languages	language	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	spoken	speak	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	today	today	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:unmarked	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
11	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
12	nearly	nearly	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	half	half	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	17	nsubj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nmod	_	_
16	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
17	endangered	endangered	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | present · passive |  | 7,000 languages |  | the world | today |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | half of languages |  |  |  |  | endangered *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:025-languages-and-peoples-on-the-map.lesson:9`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Languages and peoples on the map, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/25-languages-and-peoples-on-the-map/8/)
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- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/25-languages-and-peoples-on-the-map/)