--- title: China kept the making of silk secret for a long time, so silk was ra… — The Silk Road · tree and pragmatics description: China kept the making of silk secret for a long time, so silk was rare and costly in the West; silk is spun by silkworms, and a well-known story says monks smuggled silkworm eggs to the Byzantine Empire in the 500s. Who acts: China, silk, silkworms, known story. A sentence of the lesson «The Silk Ro --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/28-the-silk-road/12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/) / [The Silk Road](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/28-the-silk-road/) / 12 # The Silk Road, sentence 12 China kept the making of silk secret for a long time, so silk was rare and costly in the West; silk is spun by silkworms, and a well-known story says monks smuggled silkworm eggs to the Byzantine Empire in the 500s. **Who acts:** China, silk, silkworms, known story, monks, silk secret · **What happens:** keep, be, spin, know, say, smuggle · **To what, where:** making, West, silk, silkworm eggs, Byzantine Empire, 500s · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «The Silk Road» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (China, silk, silkworms, known story), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:geography:028-the-silk-road.lesson:12 # text = China kept the making of silk secret for a long time, so silk was rare and costly in the West; silk is spun by silkworms, and a well-known story says monks smuggled silkworm eggs to the Byzantine Empire in the 500s. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = geography # lesson = 028-the-silk-road.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1 1 China China PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 kept keep VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 making making NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 silk silk NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 compound _ _ 7 secret secret NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod _ _ 8 for for ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 9 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 10 long long ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod _ _ 11 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 13 so so ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ _ 14 silk silk NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ _ 15 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 16 cop _ _ 16 rare rare ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 parataxis _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 18 costly costly ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 conj _ _ 19 in in ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 West West PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 obl _ _ 22 ; ; PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 23 silk silk NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nsubj:pass _ _ 24 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 25 aux:pass _ _ 25 spun spin VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 16 parataxis _ _ 26 by by ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 silkworms silkworm NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 obl:agent _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 35 cc _ _ 30 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 31 well well ADV RB Degree=Pos 33 advmod _ _ 32 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 31 punct _ _ 33 known know VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 34 amod _ _ 34 story story NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 nsubj _ _ 35 says say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 25 conj _ _ 36 monks monk NOUN NNS Number=Plur 37 nsubj _ _ 37 smuggled smuggle VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 35 ccomp _ _ 38 silkworm silkworm NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 compound _ _ 39 eggs egg NOUN NNS Number=Plur 37 obj _ _ 40 to to ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 41 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 43 det _ _ 42 Byzantine Byzantine PROPN NNP Number=Sing 43 compound _ _ 43 Empire Empire PROPN NNP Number=Sing 37 obl _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=37:obl|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 44 in in ADP IN _ 46 case _ _ 45 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 46 det _ _ 46 500s 500 NOUN NNS Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card 37 obl _ _ 47 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **keep** | past | China | the making of silk secret | | | time | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent making=Theme | | 2 | **is** | past | silk | | | | | rare *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **be** | | silk *not said here* | | | the West | | | tree rules | | 4 | **spin** | present · passive | silkworms | silk | | | | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent subject=Theme | | 5 | **know** | participle | | | | | | well *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 6 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | a known story | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 7 | **smuggle** | past | monks | silkworm eggs | the Byzantine Empire | the 500s | | | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent egg=Theme to empire=Destination | | 8 | **make** | | silk secret | | | | | | nom making «act intransitive»: of=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:028-the-silk-road.lesson:12`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The Silk Road, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/28-the-silk-road/11/) - next →: [The Silk Road, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/28-the-silk-road/13/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/28-the-silk-road/)