--- title: Caravans of two-humped Bactrian camels crossed cold deserts from one… — The Silk Road · tree and pragmatics description: Caravans of two-humped Bactrian camels crossed cold deserts from one oasis to the next, resting at inns called caravanserais about a day's march apart. Who acts: Caravans, inns. A sentence of the lesson «The Silk Road» of the geography course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/28-the-silk-road/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/) / [The Silk Road](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/28-the-silk-road/) / 3 # The Silk Road, sentence 3 Caravans of two-humped Bactrian camels crossed cold deserts from one oasis to the next, resting at inns called caravanserais about a day's march apart. **Who acts:** Caravans, inns · **What happens:** hump, cross, rest, call · **To what, where:** cold deserts, next, one oasis, inns, caravanserais · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «The Silk Road» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Caravans, inns), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:geography:028-the-silk-road.lesson:3 # text = Caravans of two-humped Bactrian camels crossed cold deserts from one oasis to the next, resting at inns called caravanserais about a day's march apart. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = geography # lesson = 028-the-silk-road.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Caravans caravan NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nsubj _ _ 2 of of ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 3 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 7 nummod _ _ 4 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 3 punct _ _ 5 humped hump VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 7 amod _ _ 6 Bactrian bactrian ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=7:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 7 camels camel NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 nmod _ _ 8 crossed cross VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 9 cold cold ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 deserts desert NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obj _ _ 11 from from ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 13 nummod _ _ 13 oasis oasis NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ _ 14 to to ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 next next ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 obl _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 18 resting rest VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 8 advcl _ _ 19 at at ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 inns inn NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 obl _ _ 21 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 20 acl _ _ 22 caravanserais caravanserai NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 xcomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=21:obj 23 about about ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 24 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 nmod:poss _ _ 26 's 's PART POS _ 25 case _ _ 27 march march NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 nmod _ _ 28 apart apart ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ _ 29 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **hump** | participle | | | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **cross** | past | Caravans of two humped Bactrian camels | cold deserts | the next | one oasis | | | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent desert=Patient to next=Recipient | | 3 | **rest** | gerund | Caravans of two humped Bactrian camels *not said here* | | | inns about a day's march | | apart *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at inn=Location | | 4 | **call** | participle | inns about a day's march *not said here* | caravanserais | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:028-the-silk-road.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The Silk Road, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/28-the-silk-road/1/) - next →: [The Silk Road, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/28-the-silk-road/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/28-the-silk-road/)